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Pituitary Macroadenoma - Case 5

A 38 year-old woman developed amenorrhea and headaches. On laboratory testing, her prolactin level was elevated.

Show the Tumor         Note the Normal Location of the Optic Chiasm          Show the Gadolinium Enhancement

Pituitary Macroadenoma. (Left) T1-weighted sagittal MRI; (Right) T1-weighted with gadolinium sagittal MRI. Note the large enhancing mass that fills the sella. This is the typical appearance of a small pituitary macroadenoma that is growing beyond the sella. The optic chiasm can be seen above and is not yet affected.

By definition, pituitary macroadenomas are benign tumors of the pituitary gland that are greater than 10 mm in diameter. Similar to microadenomas, macroadenomas may come to medical attention due to signs and symptoms of endocrine dysfunction from excessive hormonal production. However, in contrast to microadenomas, macroadenomas may result in reduced hormone production of some or all of the pituitary hormones (panhypopituitarism) as the tumor grows and compresses the normal pituitary tissue. Macroadenomas may also result in focal neurological signs and symptoms due to mass effect as the tumor grows outside of the sella and compresses the optic chiasm and hypothalamus above. Lesions of the optic chiasm classically result in a bitemporal hemianopsia.


Revised 11/27/06.
Copyrighted 2006. David C Preston