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THROCHMORTON, ARCHIBALD HALL (28 Mar. 1876-20 May 1938), legal scholar and educator, was born in Loudon County, Va., to Mason and Annie Humphrey Throchmorton, spent much time in his father's justice of the peace courtroom, received an A.B. from Roanoke College (1896), an A.M. from Princeton University (1897), and a LL.B. from Washington & Lee University (1900), admitted to the Virginia bar in 1900.

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THUMM’S BIKE AND CLOCK SHOP was founded by brothers August F. (Gus) and Karl F. Thumm in May 1909, in Warren, Ohio. It began as Thumm’s Tire Shop, which sold motorcycles, bicycles, motorcycle tires, and car tires. Their building featured the first gas pump in Warren. Karl also had the first car in Warren, a 1901 Cadillac.

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THWING, CHARLES FRANKLIN (9 Nov. 1853-29 Aug. 1937), author, educator, and clergyman, was born in New Sharon, Maine, to Joseph Perkins and Hanna Morse Hopkins Thwing, graduated from Harvard College (1876) and Andover Theological Seminary (1879), was ordained in 1879, and served as Congregationalist pastor of churches in Mass. (1879-86) and Minn.

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The TIEDEMANN HOUSE, 4308 Franklin Ave., is the most noted and one of the most architecturally distinguished residences on Franklin Ave., the west side equivalent of famous EUCLID AVE.

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TIFERETH ISRAEL. See TEMPLE-TIFERETH ISRAEL.


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TILLEY, MADISON (1809-30 Oct. 1887), black political leader and businessman, was born in slavery, escaped to Ohio as a young man, and ca. 1837 came to Cleveland, working as a boatman and teamster. According to his PLAIN DEALER obituary, Tilley "obtained a fair education and accumulated considerable property" in Cleveland.

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TIME magazine was published in Cleveland from 1925-27 in an effort to improve its delivery time to the West Coast. Begun in New York by Britton Hadden and Henry R. Luce in 1923, the fledgling "Weekly Newsmagazine" was often reaching western subscribers 3 days behind schedule. Luce made the decision to relocate in Cleveland during his partner's absence in Europe.

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TINKER'S CREEK, a powerful stream that bisected old Bedford Twp., was responsible for early economic development in the area, and remains a beautiful link in the CLEVELAND METROPARKS system. Named for Capt.

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The TIPPECANOE CLUB was originally formed by the WHIG PARTY to elect their candidate, Wm. Henry Harrison, president of the U.S. in 1840. Named for Gen. Harrison's victory over the Indians at Tippecanoe Creek, IN, in 1811, the clubs were an important feature of Harrison's national campaign. The first local club was organized in Ohio City on 9 Mar.

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TITUS, SIGMUND ALEXANDER (30 Jan. 1884-c. 30 July 1936) was a lawyer involved in the affairs of Cleveland's Polish community. Born near Grodzisk, Poland, he was the son of Joseph and Leokadia Balczynska Titus. A product of the Berlin public schools, he graduated from Friedrich Werder College and studied at the Oriental Seminary in Berlin.

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TOD, DAVID (21 Feb. 1805-13 Nov. 1868), businessman and governor of Ohio, was born near Youngstown, Ohio to George and Sarah (Isaacs) Tod, attended Burton Academy in Geauga County, and after studying law in Warren was admitted to the Ohio state bar in 1827, entering private practice.

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TODD, THOMAS WINGATE (15 Jan. 1885-28 Dec. 1938), professor of anatomy at Western Reserve University Medical School (See: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY), was born in Sheffield, England to James and Katharine Wingate Todd, and graduated with M.B. and Ch.B. degrees from Manchester University and London Hospital in 1907.

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TOLL ROADS were once common in Cuyahoga County. They were a means of advancing transportation for commodity goods and services throughout the county to its large market centers. The first toll road in Cuyahoga County, the Wooster Turnpike, was built by land developers Lord & Barber in 1824. Its route began in Cleveland and ended in Wooster. It followed what is now Pearl Rd. / Rt. 42. It ceased operations ca.

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TOLLES, HOGSETT, GINN & MORLEY was formed in 1913 by the merger of 2 established Cleveland law firms: Kline, Tolles & Morley and Blandin, Hogsett & Ginn. It specialized in business law, working especially with railroads and utilities. Sheldon H. Tolles (1 Oct. 1858-14 July 1926) had been involved in local partnerships with Virgil P. Kline since beginning his practice in the early 1880s; ca. 1901, John E.

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The TONG WARS were violent outbreaks between the ON LEONG TONG and the Hip Sing Tong Chinese societies, first occurring in 1911 when the latter organization was formed. On 20 Nov. 1911, Woo Dip, of the On Leong Tong, was shot by Leing Young of the Hip Sing Tong, witnesses said, allegedly for refusing to pay the Hip Sing Tong $2 in protection money.

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TOOMEY, JOHN A. (28 May 1889-1 Jan. 1950), physician and professor at Western Reserve University Medical School, was born in Cleveland to Hugh and Mary Jane Burr Toomey, graduated from JOHN CARROLL UNIVERSITY with a B.A. in 1910 and M.A. in 1912, and from Cleveland Law School with an LL.B. in 1913.

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TORBENSEN, VIGGO Valdemar. (b.11 Sept. 1858-3 Jan. 1947) pioneer in the automotive industry and founder of the Torbensen Axle Company was born in Branderslev, Denmark, the son of Hans Vilhelm and Maren (Josiassen) Torbensen. Viggo's father William was born in Copenhagen and his mother in Gurreby, Denmark.

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The TORSO MURDERS, committed between Sept. 1935 and Aug. 1938, were believed to be serial killings. Most of the bodies were discovered in or near the KINGSBURY RUN area—a creek bed that ran from E. 90th St. and Kinsman Rd. SE to the CUYAHOGA RIVER.

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TOTH, JOHN, JR. (7 Nov. 1897-8 Sept. 1960) was, for more than 23 years, a business representative of the International Association of Machinists.

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The TOWER CITY CENTER is a mixed-use development consisting of adaptive reuse and new construction. It is one of the cornerstones of downtown Cleveland's rebirth in the 1990s. The complex includes what was once known as the CLEVELAND UNION TERMINAL and the associated buildings at PUBLIC SQUARE.

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TOWLE, JOHN R. (19 Oct. 1924-21 Sept. 1944), Congressional medal of honor winner for service in WORLD WAR II, was the son of William J. and Mary Simpkins Towle. One of 4 children, he grew up on E. 73d St. in Cleveland, and as a boy attended St. Agnes school.

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The TOWMOTOR CORPORATION was founded in 1919 by LESTER M. SEARS when he unveiled the prototype of the gasoline-powered industrial tractor that revolutionized materials handling. After some initial sales, F.W. Sears, Lester's father, capitalized the enterprise and, until his death in 1934, ran it with his son from Bliss Avenue in EUCLID.

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TOWN HALL OF CLEVELAND, a subscription lecture series, was founded by Mrs. Wm. C. (Alice Katherine Newton) Wallin when she came to Cleveland from Detroit with her husband in 1930. Mrs. Wallin, a former newspaperwoman and participant in Detroit Town Hall, started the Town Hall of Cleveland (the 4th city in the country to have a Town Hall) as "courses designed for intelligent thinking." Dr.

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TOWNES, CLAYTON C. (30 Jan. 1888 [1887?]-24 Feb. 1970), president of city council and first mayor of Cleveland under the CITY MANAGER PLAN, was born in Cleveland to Wm. C. and Kate Hoyt Townes, received his LL.D. degree from Western Reserve University Law School in 1911, and that same year took over his father's seat in city council when his father died.

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The TOWNSEND PLAN, a proposal made in Jan. 1934 by California physician Francis E. Townsend for a $200-a-month guaranteed income for each senior citizen, found such strong support in Cleveland that Townsend located his national headquarters here from 1946-56. After the national organization disbanded in 1966, the Ohio headquarters at 11102 Detroit Ave.

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TOWNSEND, AMOS (1819-17 Mar. 1895), businessman and politician, was born in Brownsville, Pa. and attended school until 15, when he became a clerk in a Pittsburgh retail establishment. At 19 he moved to Mansfield, forming the mercantile business partnership of A. Townsend & Co. with N. D. Hogg, which lasted 5 years, until the partnership dissolved and the business closed.

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TOWSLEE, LILLIAN GERTRUDE, M.D. (4 Dec. 1859-22 April 1918) lectured, published, and designed and invested in real estate while maintaining an active medical practice.

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TRACK AND FIELD SPORTS test the speed, strength, and agility of individuals and teams in running, throwing, and vaulting events, which usually include cross-country running and marathons, although they are not performed on the field.

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TRACY, FLORENCE COMEY (20 Dec. 1886-13 June 1974), welfare volunteer, received a citation from the Friends of UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS for her voluntary service.

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TRACY, JAMES JARED (3 Dec. 1819-4 Jan. 1910) banker and civic leader, was born in Lansingburg, New York and came to Cleveland in 1836 where he was employed by the COMMERCIAL BANK OF LAKE ERIE. After it collapsed in 1842, Tracy became teller of the Commercial Branch Bank, organized in 1845 and remained there for 15 years.

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TRACY, JAMES JARED, JR. (27 Feb. 1884-16 May 1950), machine designer and manufacturer, held at least 28 U.S. patents, for engines, hat production machinery, and carburetors and other accessories for the AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY, among other inventions.

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TRACY, JANE ALLYN FOOTE (8 Nov. 1857-5 Aug. 1944) founded and served as a trustee for educational, medical, and arts organizations in Cleveland and elsewhere. Born in Detroit, MI, to Phoebe Dwight and George Foote, she moved to Cleveland with her sister and brother-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. George A. Stanley, and attended the CLEVELAND FEMALE SEMINARY.

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The TRAFFIC CLUB OF CLEVELAND, organized in 1913, was for many years one of the oldest industrial clubs in Cleveland. It was formed by a merger of the Railway & Steamboat, Cleveland Railway, and Cleveland Transportation clubs under the chairmanship of W. V. Bishop, traffic manager of the Upson Nut Co. (see REPUBLIC STEEL CORP.). The first president was D. F.

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TRANSFAMILY OF CLEVELAND is an organization dedicated to the support of transgender people, their families, and their friends. The organization was founded by Bob and Karen Gross in 1995 as a result of their experiences during the transition of their transgender son.

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TRANSGENDER DAY OF REMEMBRANCE is an annual observance to commemorate the lives of transgender people who have died from discrimination and violence against transgender people and those who are perceived to be transgender. The first observance of Transgender Day of Remembrance took place on November 28, 1999 with vigils in the Castro District of San Francisco and in Boston, Massachusetts.

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The TRANSOHIO FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK was originally formed as the Transohio Savings Assn. 1 May 1980 by merging the Union, United, and Akron savings associations. The oldest of the 3 constituent parts was Akron Savings, founded in 1888. Of the 2 Cleveland companies involved, Union Savings was incorporated as the Union Building & Loan Co. 22 June 1891 and changed its name to Union Savings in 1896.

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TRANSPORTATION has been of vital importance to Cleveland—a principal factor that explains why the city grew into a major metropolis. Initially, that meant Cleveland's access to water; a town site along the mouth of the CUYAHOGA RIVER made real sense.

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TRANZONIC FOUNDATION, 30195 Chagrin Blvd., was incorporated in 1976 by Tranzonic Companies, which manufacture and distribute paper, cloth, and vinyl products. As a company-sponsored enterprise, the foundation supports Jewish welfare, community funds, health and social services, and community development, primarily in northern Ohio.

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The TRAVELERS AID SOCIETY, a free service for people in difficulty away from home, was established in Cleveland in 1920, 3 years after the National Travelers Aid Society. As a member of the Welfare Federation, the society was first supported by the Community Chest. The Travelers Aid Society was the idea of Brian Mullanphy, mayor of St.

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TRAVIS, PAUL B. (2 Jan. 1891-23 Nov. 1975), artist and teacher, was born on a farm in Wellsville, Columbiana County, Ohio to William M. and Elizabeth Bough Travis. He won an engineering scholarship to Washington & Jefferson College, but instead taught in the country school.

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The TREMCO FOUNDATION, in BEACHWOOD, was established in 1950 by Tremco Manufacturing Co. (later TREMCO, INC.).

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TREMCO, INC., a manufacturer of sealants, protective coatings, and weatherproofing compounds, was established in 1928 by WM. C. TREUHAFT with capital of $100,000. In 1942 the company moved from its first location at 393 E. 131st St. to 8701 Kinsman Rd. and by 1958 the firm had doubled its number of products to 250.

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TREMONT is an industrial/residential neighborhood on Cleveland's near west side. Its boundaries include the CUYAHOGA RIVER to the east and north, Valentine Ave. and Steelyard Commons to the south, and West 25th St. to the west.

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TREMONT WEST DEVELOPMENT CORP. (TWDC), a nonprofit citizens' group founded in 1979 by MERRICK HOUSE, helped stabilize and revitalize the TREMONT area, a transitional neighborhood. In its community organizing, the corporation emphasized housing renovation, crime prevention, and neighborhood economic development.

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TRENKAMP, HERMAN J. (27 Feb. 1865-27 May 1943), business leader, helped found the CATHOLIC CHARITIES CORPORATION of Cleveland (1918) with Roman Catholic Bishop CHARLES LEBLOND and served as its vice-president and on its executive committee. He became honorary trustee for life in 1936.

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The TRENTINA CLUB was one of many "hometown" societies formed by Italian immigrants in Cleveland to provide financial assistance to needy members and to offer a friendly refuge in a new and different world.

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The TREU-MART FUND was founded in Cleveland in 1980 by Elizabeth M. Treuhaft and WILLIAM C. TREUHAFT to address the needs of CHILDREN AND YOUTH.

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The TREUHAFT FOUNDATION distributed funds for charitable purposes in Cleveland and elsewhere from 1955 to 1991. Founded by WM. C. TREUHAFT with EUGENE H.

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