Biomaterials and tissue engineering involves the application of basic knowledge and principles in biology, chemistry, physics and mathematics to solve the practical challenges of preservation, repair, augmentation, replacement and regeneration of human tissues. This constantly growing field combines the promise of advanced materials, devices and medications with new insights into the biology of tissue growth and health. Biomaterials and tissue engineering helps solve complex health problems common among the elderly and those with diabetes and vascular diseases. Examples include: care of complex fractures, osteoporosis, connective tissue transplantation, degenerative arthritis in the hip, knee and spine, traumatic and degenerative tendon and ligament injuries, and healing of acute or chronic skin and soft tissue wounds.