THWING, CHARLES FRANKLIN (9 Nov. 1853-29 Aug. 1937), author, educator, and clergyman, was born in New Sharon, Maine, to Joseph Perkins and Hanna Morse Hopkins Thwing, graduated from Harvard College (1876) and Andover Theological Seminary (1879), was ordained in 1879, and served as Congregationalist pastor of churches in Mass. (1879-86) and Minn.
TEACHER EDUCATION. The history of teacher education in Cleveland reflects earlier national and state movements to begin normal schools, needed because of the establishment of the common school during the first half of the 19th century (1789-1860). Previously there was little or no interest in or need for teacher education. Teacher education in Cleveland can be traced to the 1830s.