CLIFFORD, CARRIE WILLIAMS, (Sept. 1862- 10 Nov. 1934) was a noted orator, poet, suffragist, and an activist for women and AFRICAN AMERICANS.
The CLEVELAND WOMEN'S ORCHESTRA was formed in 1935 to give women with a desire for a musical outlet the opportunity to participate in an orchestral experience. HYMAN SCHANDLER, the founder, was motivated by the dearth of women then participating in symphony orchestras. The Cleveland group survived to become the oldest women's orchestra in the United States and the world.