Category: Technology

The CLEVELAND ADVOCATE was an African American newspaper that flourished during the period of World War I and the great migration from the South. It was established on 15 May 1914 by ORMOND ADOLPHUS FORTE, a native of Barbados, British West Indies. According to Forte, who began working for the M. A. HANNA CO.

The CLEVELAND AREA BOARD OF REALTORS, originally known as the Cleveland Real Estate Board until 1971, began in 1861 with local real estate agents meeting to discuss business standards, ideas for local development, and common problems.

The CLEVELAND BIG DATA MEETUP was founded in 2010 by Doug Meil. Doug was the founding engineer at EXPLORYS in 2009.

The CLEVELAND BLUE BOOK is a locally produced version of the New York SOCIAL REGISTER, which at one time also published a Cleveland edition. The Cleveland Blue Book actually antedated New York's list of the social elite, having first appeared ca. 1880 as the Cleveland Social Directory. Published by Mrs. M. B.

The CLEVELAND BUSINESS LEAGUE, a business association for minorities, traces its origins back to the Cleveland Businessmen's Assn., which was founded in 1925 by HERBERT CHAUNCEY. This organization continued until the formation of the Progressive Business Alliance in Feb. 1939.

The CLEVELAND CALL & POST rose from somewhat obscure origins to become long Cleveland's major African American newspaper. It was created from the 1927 merger of 2 struggling weeklies, the Call and the Post. The Call was founded ca. 1920 by a group that included local inventor GARRETT A. MORGAN.

The CLEVELAND CITY RAILWAY CO., or Little Con(solidated), was formed during a period of consolidation among the streetcar lines. At the beginning of 1893, the city's 16 streetcar lines were controlled by five companies; by mid-year, the number of controlling companies had decreased to two. This was also the time when cable cars were being converted to trolley cars.

The CLEVELAND CLEARINGHOUSE ASSN., a consortium of local banks, was one of the first organizations of its kind in the country. The association was formed on 28 Dec. 1858 by the officers of 5 commercial and 4 private banks, with TRUMAN P. HANDY as president. Headquarters were in the City Bank of Cleveland at 21 Superior St.

CLEVELAND COMMUNITY SAVINGS (formerly the Quincy Savings & Loan Co.) became the 19th largest black-owned savings and loan in the country. In 1954 insurance man MELCHISEDECH C. CLARKE raised $185,000 from the black community to buy the assets of a Czech savings institution and established Quincy Savings & Loan.

The CLEVELAND DAILY ARGUS, an evening daily, made its first appearance on 3 Mar. 1885. Priced at $.01, it was an attempt to test the market for a working-class paper with Republican leanings. As such, it advocated high tariffs and sound currency, while offering free want ads to the unemployed and calling for municipal supervision of the retail weighing of coal.

The CLEVELAND DAILY GAZETTE was an expanded version of the semiweekly edition of L. L. Rice's CLEVELAND WHIG. The paper made its first appearance in May 1836. It replaced the semiweekly Whig, although Rice, largely using material from the Daily Gazette, continued publication of the weekly Whig from the same office.

The CLEVELAND DAILY REVIEW briefly provided the city with its first Sunday newspaper. After 2 months of publication in a prototype 2-page format, it reappeared permanently on 29 Aug. 1857 as a 6-day penny daily of 4 5-column pages. Published by Edward A. Munson & Co., the paper listed Geo. Spear and Henry Newcomb Johnson with Munson as coeditors.

The CLEVELAND DIESEL ENGINE DIVISION OF GENERAL MOTORS CORP., a leading research facility in the development of diesel engines, began operation in Nov. 1912 as the Winton Gas Engine & Mfg. Co. at 2116 W. 106th St.

The CLEVELAND EDITION emerged as Cleveland's chief alternative newspaper during the decade following the death of the CLEVELAND PRESS. Co-founded by Bill Gunlocke, a former teacher from western New York, and Rikki Santer, a Cleveland native who served as managing editor, the free weekly tabloid made its first appearance on 31 Aug.

The CLEVELAND ELECTRIC ILLUMINATING CO., now (2020) one of ten electric utility companies owned by Akron-based FirstEnergy Corp., was organized on 29 Sept. 1892 as the Cleveland General Electric Co.—the product of a merger between Brush Electric Light & Power Co. and the Cleveland Electric Light Co.

The CLEVELAND ELECTRIC RAILWAY CO., known as Big Con(solidated), was created by a merger of the East Cleveland, Broadway & Newburgh, Brooklyn, and South Side railway companies on 15 May 1893. On 29 May the Cleveland City Cable Co. and the Woodland Ave. & West Side St. Railway Co. merged to form the rival Cleveland City Railway Co., or Little Con(solidated), leaving Cleveland with only 2 local transit companies.

The CLEVELAND ENGINEERING SOCIETY, founded in 1880 as the Civil Engineers' Club, soon broadened both the membership and the goals of the organization to include representation from all branches of engineering.

The CLEVELAND FASHION INSTITUTE was a short-lived attempt to promote the Cleveland GARMENT INDUSTRY. Although it lasted only 2 years, 1938-40 according to city directories, the institute focused attention on what was then a $50 million industry. The CFI amalgamated 34 manufacturers and wholesalers who wished to attract retail buyers to Cleveland.

The CLEVELAND FILM EXCHANGE BUILDING at 2100-2112 Payne Ave., on the southeast corner of Payne Ave. and East 21st St., was built in 1920. When films were viewed on nickelodeons and when the movies shown in cinemas were silent, film studios sold their movies sight unseen. Sold films were not returnable or refundable.

The CLEVELAND FREE TIMES emerged shortly after the demise of the CLEVELAND EDITION to become Cleveland's principal alternative newspaper. The weekly tabloid was launched on 30 Sept. 1992 by activist lawyer RICHARD H. SIEGEL. Edited originally by Ken Myers, the Free Times inherited many of the Edition's writers as well as its anti-establishment political stance.

The CLEVELAND GATHERER was a weekly newspaper of 6 columns introduced in Dec. 1841 by a partnership identified as Bagley & Fisher. Also known as the Gatherer & Weekly News Scroll, it professed temperance and "independent politics." It was edited by Edward Burke Fisher and managed to survive for at least a year.

The CLEVELAND GAZETTE gave local AFRICAN AMERICANS their own newspaper for the first time since before the Civil War. Although founded on 25 Aug.

CLEVELAND GRAPHITE BRONZE. See CLEVITE.

The CLEVELAND GREENHOUSE VEGETABLE GROWERS' COOPERATIVE ASSN. is an organization designed to help the Cleveland-area greenhouse vegetable industry by funding scientific research, providing marketing information to growers, and promoting locally grown products to consumers. The association was formed in 1926 as the Cleveland Hothouse Vegetable Growers' Cooperative Assn.; the name of the group was changed in 1949.