Category: Business and Industry

The CLEVELAND FILM EXCHANGE BUILDING at 2100-2112 Payne Ave., on the southeast corner of Payne Ave. and East 21st St., was built in 1920. When films were viewed on nickelodeons and when the movies shown in cinemas were silent, film studios sold their movies sight unseen. Sold films were not returnable or refundable.

The CLEVELAND FREE TIMES emerged shortly after the demise of the CLEVELAND EDITION to become Cleveland's principal alternative newspaper. The weekly tabloid was launched on 30 Sept. 1992 by activist lawyer RICHARD H. SIEGEL. Edited originally by Ken Myers, the Free Times inherited many of the Edition's writers as well as its anti-establishment political stance.

The CLEVELAND GATHERER was a weekly newspaper of 6 columns introduced in Dec. 1841 by a partnership identified as Bagley & Fisher. Also known as the Gatherer & Weekly News Scroll, it professed temperance and "independent politics." It was edited by Edward Burke Fisher and managed to survive for at least a year.

The CLEVELAND GAZETTE gave local AFRICAN AMERICANS their own newspaper for the first time since before the Civil War. Although founded on 25 Aug.

CLEVELAND GRAPHITE BRONZE. See CLEVITE.

The CLEVELAND GREENHOUSE VEGETABLE GROWERS' COOPERATIVE ASSN. is an organization designed to help the Cleveland-area greenhouse vegetable industry by funding scientific research, providing marketing information to growers, and promoting locally grown products to consumers. The association was formed in 1926 as the Cleveland Hothouse Vegetable Growers' Cooperative Assn.; the name of the group was changed in 1949.

The CLEVELAND HERALD (1925) was the second attempt by ORMOND A. FORTE to found an African American newspaper. Like Forte's Cleveland Advocate (1914-24), it attempted to reconcile the self-help tradition of the older black leadership with the more aggressive tactics of a newer generation.

The CLEVELAND HERALD AND GAZETTE was first published on 19 Oct. 1819. It was the city's second newspaper and, after the death of the CLEAVELAND GAZETTE & COMMERCIAL REGISTER in 1820, its only newspaper for the next 7 years. It was founded by Eber D.

The CLEVELAND HOME BREWING COMPANY was organized in 1907 by ERNST W. MUELLER (1851-1931). Mueller, born in Alsenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, emigrated with his family to Cleveland in 1856 and followed his father, Peter Mueller, in the malting business. In 1887 he purchased the Schmidt & Hoffman brewery at Hough and Ansel aves. and started the Cleveland Brewing Co.

CLEVELAND HOPKINS INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (airport location identifier: CLE) is the primary airport serving Greater Cleveland and Northeast Ohio. 

The CLEVELAND INSURANCE CO. was an early banking and insurance company that was organized in 1830 and forced out of business as a result of the great Chicago Fire of 1871. Although the company received a perpetual charter in 1830 to operate as both an insurance and banking business, it functioned solely as an insurance business under the guidance of Edmund Clark and Seth W. Crittenden until 1861.

The CLEVELAND JOURNAL came into existence on 21 Mar. 1903, with the intention of providing an organ for African American business interests. Among the businessmen who founded the weekly were Welcome T. Blue, president of the Journal Publishing Co., and Nahum Daniel Brascher, who edited it during most of its existence.

The CLEVELAND JOURNALISM HALL OF FAME honors figures both living and deceased who have made outstanding career contributions to the local print and electronic media. It was instituted by the PRESS CLUB OF CLEVELAND, which installed 11 charter members at a dinner in 1981 addressed by ABC newsman Ted Koppel.

The CLEVELAND LEADER, one of the city's major newspapers, grew out of the merger of the True Democrat into Joseph Medill's DAILY FOREST CITY to form the Forest City Democrat in 1853. EDWIN COWLES, who joined the new venture as Medill's partner, changed the name to the Cleveland Leader on 16 Mar.

The CLEVELAND LIBERALIST was the personal organ of Dr. Samuel Underhill, a semiretired physician of advanced rationalist philosophy. Introduced on 10 Sept. 1836, the 8-page, 3-column weekly was nearly as much magazine as newspaper in format, preferring scientific expositions over political manifestoes.

CLEVELAND LIFE, a black community magazine, debuted in October, 1994. President and publisher James "Ricky" Crosby, an African-American, and chief executive Lou Reyes, Jr., a Hispanic, desired to create a publication that would highlight and serve middle- and upper-class blacks in the area.

CLEVELAND MAGAZINE made its debut in Apr. 1972, as part of a nationwide city magazine movement. It was the brainchild of Oliver Emerson, president of the Emerson Press, and Lute Harmon, a marketing researcher for the Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co. Harmon became publisher, while Emerson sought local backing and served as chairman of Cleveland Magazine, Inc.

The CLEVELAND MODEL AND SUPPLY CO. was known as one of the nation's oldest and most prominent wooden model airplane kit manufacturers. The company was founded ca. 1918 when Edward T. Pachasa, then in high school, began making model airplane parts in the family's basement. An increased interest in airplanes in the late 1920s led to the firm's growth. The company was incorporated in 1929.

The CLEVELAND NEWS began publication in 1905, but its lineage can be traced back to 1868, when the CLEVELAND LEADER began issuing its evening edition under the banner of the Evening News. When the CLEVELAND HERALD ceased publication in 1885, the Leader, which had acquired rights to the name, amende

CLEVELAND NICKNAMES AND SLOGANS reveal a cultural history of boosterism and varying local and national perceptions of Cleveland that was driven by economic, political, and social landscapes. The original names for Cleveland stemmed from Native American identifiers for natural landmarks and the history of Connecticut’s connection to the Northeast Ohio area.

CLEVELAND PNEUMATIC TOOL CO. See GOODRICH LANDING GEAR.

The CLEVELAND PROVISION CO., founded in 1854 as Rose & Prentiss by BENJAMIN ROSE and Chauncey Prentiss, and incorporated as the Cleveland Provision Co. in 1876, was the leading meat packer in Cleveland for over a century.

The CLEVELAND QUARRIES CO. is a major extractor of sandstone deposits at Amherst and formerly BEREA. The history of the company was closely linked with those of the city of Berea and BALDWIN-WALLACE COLLEGE. The first corporate ancestor of the Cleveland Quarries Co.

The CLEVELAND RAILWAY CO., held the city's public transit franchise from 1910-42. During that time its streetcar lines carried hundreds of millions of passengers on a fleet that numbered as many as 1,702 streetcars and buses. Cleveland's privately owned street railway industry began as the city awarded companies exclusive franchises to operate horse-drawn cars and later electric streetcar lines along specified streets.