NAPOLEON’S INVASION OF THE HOLY LAND (IN-PERSON)

The Crusades marked a very significant attack by the Christian West on the Muslim world. Preached in 1095, the Crusades petered out by the late 13th century, but clashes continued. Struggles between the Western powers and the Ottomans stretched well into the 18th century. Then in 1798, Napoleon invaded and eventually occupied Egypt, and then entered what is now Israel in February 1799. The British soon followed. Eventually, the British and French divided the Ottoman Middle East amongst themselves. From the perspective of the Middle East, the French and British Mandates were simply extensions of the Crusades.