BROUGH, JOHN (17 Sept. 1811-29 Aug. 1865) was a newspaper publisher, state auditor, railroad president, and CIVIL WAR governor of Ohio, Brough was born in Marietta, Ohio. Orphaned at 11, he became an apprentice printer. After paying his way through Ohio University, he edited and published newspapers in West Virginia and Ohio.
BROWN, ALEXANDER EPHRAIM (14 May 1852-26 Apr. 1911), inventor of the Brown hoist which revolutionized the lake shipping industry, was born in Cleveland, the son of Fayette and Cornelia Curtis Brown. He graduated from CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL and completed a course in civil engineering at Brooklyn Polytechnical Institute in 1872.
BROWN, ANNA V. (1914-12 Nov. 1985) developed Cleveland's Office on Aging in 1971, heading it until her death. Born in Vivian, W.Va., to physician Joseph E. and Hattie Brown, the family moved to Cleveland in 1941. Brown received her bachelor's degree from Oberlin College (1938) and her master's degree from New York University.
BROWN, ANNE HATHAWAY (16 Mar. 1852- 6 Sep. 1928) was born in East Greenwich, Rhode Island. Brown was the namesake and headmistress of HATHAWAY BROWN SCHOOL in Shaker Heights, Ohio, from 1886-1890.
BROWN, CONELLA JEAN COULTER (26 Sept. 1925 – 9 Jan. 2022) was an educator and the first woman Assistant Superintendent appointed by a major Ohio School District. She was, at the time of her appointment in 1972, the highest ranking African American woman in Ohio in the field of education.
BROWN, DOROTHY GRACE MASON (4 Nov. 1905 - 16 Sept. 1996) helped establish the Maternal Health Association, now known as PLANNED PARENTHOOD OF GREATER CLEVELAND, and supervised the construction of the organization's first Mobile Birth Control unit. Born in Chicago to Ida Markquardt and Morris E. Mason, whose work with the Mohawk Rubber Co.
BROWN, FAYETTE (17 Dec. 1823-20 Jan. 1910), was a Cleveland businessman who served as a U.S. Army paymaster during the CIVIL WAR. Born in N.
BROWN, JAMES NATHANIEL "JIM" (17 February 1936-18 May 2023) was a Hall of Fame running back for the CLEVELAND BROWNS and social activist.
BROWN, JERE A. (1841-28 Mar. 1913), a black Republican politician, was born in Pittsburgh, Pa., attended Avery College in Allegheny, Pa., and lived in Canada and St. Louis before arriving in Cleveland in 1870 or 1871, becoming active in politics here to improve his status. He was appointed bailiff for Judge Daniel R.
BROWN, JOHN (c. 1798-30 March 1869) reputedly became Cleveland's wealthiest African American citizen during a 40-year career as the city's most notable barber. Born of free parents in Virginia, he came to Cleveland in 1828 and in barbering took up a trade nearly monopolized in the 19th century by AFRICAN AMERICANS.
BROWN, LLOYD ODOM (12 Dec. 1928-3 May 1993) was the first African-American elected as a Cleveland Municipal Court judge and the second to sit as an Ohio Supreme Court Justice. He also served on Cuyahoga County's Common Pleas court and with the firm of Weston, Hurd, Fallon, Paisley & Howley.
BROWN, PAUL E. (7 Sept. 1908-5 Aug. 1991) was the head coach of the CLEVELAND BROWNS from its beginnings in 1946 through 1962. An innovative and highly successful coach at all levels, Brown developed coaching procedures that revolutionized modern football and earned him election into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1967.
BROWN, RUSSELL S., REV. (31 Aug. 1889-Aug. 1981), pastor of MT. ZION CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH (1925-33), was elected to fill the unexpired term of THOMAS W. FLEMING on the CLEVELAND CITY COUNCIL (1929).
BROWN, WENDELL PHILLIPS (27 Nov. 1866-31 Jan. 1951) was especially noted as a designer and builder of bridges during an engineering career of half a century. He was born in Hopkinton, R.I., the son of George and Martha Brumley Brown. From Phillips Andover Academy he went to Yale, where he received his engineering degree in 1890.
BROWN-FORWARD, INC., a funeral service company, was established in 1825 and is one of the oldest, continually-operating funeral homes in Ohio. The company was originally founded by Daniel W. Duty, who sold furniture and cabinets in addition to his undertaker services. Duty operated from a small office on the corner of St. Clair Avenue and Water (W. 9th) Street.
BROWNE, CHARLES FARRAR [ARTEMUS WARD, PSEUD.] (26 Apr. 1834-6 Mar. 1867), a nationally known journalist and humorist, spent only 3 years in Cleveland but here invented his alter ego "Artemus Ward." Born in Waterford, Maine, to Levi and Caroline Farrar Brown, he moved to Ohio in 1854, working for papers in Tiffin and Toledo before JOSEPH W.
BROWNE, MARY KENDALL "BROWNIE" (3 June 1891-19 Aug. 1971), championship golfer and tennis player, was born in Ventura County, California, the daughter of Albert William and Neotia Rice Browne and attended high school in Los Angeles. Only 5 ft., 2 in. she learned the man's all-court tennis game from her brother Nat, and developed into a sound shot maker and an aggressive player.
BROWNELL, ABNER (1813-1857), a member of the city council and mayor of Cleveland from 1852-55, was born in Massachusetts, the son of Nathan C. and Elizabeth Adams Smith Brownell. He was educated in local schools, and came to Cleveland in the 1840s while in the employ (1846-49) of the W. A. Otis Co. as a dealer in iron and glass. From 1849-53 he was a partner in the banking firm of Wick, Otis, & Brownell.
BRUDNO, EZRA (1877-12 Dec. 1954), attorney and author, was one of the most notable Jewish writers in Cleveland during the first 2 decades of the 20th century. Born in Lithuania to Isaac and Hannah (Model) Brudno, he was educated in a private European school and brought to America in 1891 by his parents.
BRUENING FOUNDATION. See EVA L. AND JOSEPH M. BRUENING FOUNDATION.
The BRUSH AND PALETTE CLUB was one of the many small art groups founded in the late 19th century to support local artists and provide them an opportunity to discuss art with their colleagues and to display their work annually.
The BRUSH DEVELOPMENT CORP., which became the world's largest producer of artificially grown piezo electric crystals, was organized in 1930 to market electronic devices utilizing the crystals, which had been developed in the Brush Laboratories. Located at E. 40th St. and Perkins Ave., the company, under the direction of president Alfred L.
The BRUSH ELECTRIC CO., established in 1880 to manufacture and sell the electric street lighting system developed by CHARLES F. BRUSH, traced its origin to Cleveland Telegraph & Supply, founded in 1872. Influenced by its major stockholder, George W.
The BRUSH FOUNDATION was established in 1928 in Cleveland by CHARLES F. BRUSH, in memory of his son, Charles F. Brush, Jr. (d. 1927). The foundation supported the fledgling Maternal Health Assn.
BRUSH, CHARLES FRANCIS (17 Mar. 1849-15 June 1929), one of America's most distinguished inventors, was born in Euclid Township to Isaac Elbert and Delia Williams Phillips Brush. He received his mining engineering degree from the University of Michigan in 1869. He worked 4 years in Cleveland as a chemist, then formed an iron dealing partnership with Chas. E. Bingham.
BRUSH, DOROTHY ADAMS HAMILTON (14 Mar. 1894-21 June 1968) was a reformer in the area of birth control for over 30 years. She helped found the Maternal Health Assn.
BRUSH-WELLMAN, INC., formerly the Brush Beryllium Co., is the world's largest processor of beryllium and beryllium compounds. Incorporated in 1931 by Charles Baldwin Sawyer and Bengt Kjellgren, the company had its origins in the research conducted by Sawyer and Charles Brush, Jr. in the 1920s.
BRYANT, ELIZA (1827-13 May 1907) was the founder of the Cleveland Home For Aged Colored People (The ELIZA BRYANT CENTER) in 1897. It was the first nonreligious welfare institution supported by Cleveland's African American community and quickly became the most widely supported institution of the Black community.
BUCHANAN, PAUL STUART (18 Mar. 1894 – 4 Feb. 1974) was an actor, athlete, professor, and advertising executive.
BUCK, REV. FLORENCE (19 July 1860 -12 Oct. 1925) served with MARION E.
BUCKEYE-SHAKER SQUARE is a Cleveland Statistical Planning Area (SPA) bounded by
BUCKEYE-WOODHILL is a Cleveland neighborhood and Statistical Planning Area (SPA) located roughly 2 mi. east of downtown. It is bordered roughly by Fairhill Rd. and Woodland Ave. on the north, East 116th St. / E. Blvd. on the east, and Parkview Ave. on the south. Its irregular western border stretches as far west as the Conrail tracks just east of E. 80th St.
The BUCKEYE-WOODLAND COMMUNITY CONGRESS (BWCC) coordinated grass-roots community action among more than 200 religious, educational, business, political, neighborhood, and service groups in the BUCKEYE-WOODLAND area from 1974 until 1987.
BUCKMASTER, HENRIETTA (10 Mar. 1909 - 26 Apr. 1983) was a novelist, activist, and journalist known best for her books detailing the historical struggles of AFRICAN AMERICANS and women in the United States.
BUDDHISM. The two major ethnic groups that have preserved Buddhist culture in Cleveland are the JAPANESE and the CHINESE. Each of these groups has its own temple. The largest, the Buddhist Temple of Cleveland, founded in 1944, is located at E. 214th St. and Euclid Ave. and is attended by approx. 90 families.
BUHRER, STEPHEN (25 Dec. 1825-8 Dec. 1907), Democratic mayor of Cleveland from 1867-71 and 4-term city councilman (1855-57, 1863-67, 1874-76), was born to Johann Casper and Anna Maria Miller Buhrer on the Zoar farm in Tuscarawas County, Ohio. When his father died in 1829, he was bound to the Society of Separatists, who operated the communal farm at Zoar, until he came of age.
The BUILDERS EXCHANGE, a nonprofit trade association, represents the allied interests of construction industry in northern Ohio. It was founded in 1888 and incorporated in 1892 for the "promotion of social enjoyment . . ., the Advancement of all legitimate interests of the building trades of Cleveland, and to preserve affiliation with the National Assn. of Builders." Its first president was Ephraim H.
The BUILDING CODE OF 1904 (Ordinances 46388-A and 44404-A), adopted by the city of Cleveland on 20 June, was the nation's first modern comprehensive building code. Other cities had had building laws of various kinds; Cleveland's first was passed in 1888.
The BUILDING OWNERS AND MANAGERS ASSN. OF CLEVELAND was formed in 1913 by 28 downtown building owners to look after their interests. Incorporated in 1914, the organization assumed the dual function of promoting high standards of property management among its members and of working with local government and the community on legislative, regulatory, and civic concerns.
BULGARIAN immigration to Cleveland divides into three periods: turn-of-the-century immigration (1880-1924), post-World War II refugee immigration, and immigration following the fall of communism in 1990. Most arrived during the first period and may be further divided into immigration prior to, or after, the Balkan War of 1912. Bulgarians arriving before 1912 represented every social and economic class.
BULKLEY, ROBERT JOHNS (8 Oct. 1880-21 July 1965), a prominent banker and businessman, was a Democratic U.S. Representative from 1910-14 and U.S. senator from 1930-39. Born in Cleveland, to Charles Henry and Roberta Johns Bulkley, he received an A.B. (1902) and M.A. (1906) from Harvard, and studied law for a year. Bulkley was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1907.
BUNDY, LEROY N. (14 Apr. 1873-28 May 1943), a Cleveland dentist, was also a politician who served 4 terms as the black Republican councilman of Ward 17, and was an early leader of the Cleveland branch of the UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION. Born in Hamilton, Ohio, to Rev. Charles and Eliza Bundy.
BUNTS, FRANK E. (3 June 1861-28 Nov. 1928), was one of the 4 founders of the CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION and the first president of the ACADEMY OF MEDICINE in Cleveland. Born in Youngstown, Ohio to William C. and Clara E. Bunts, he graduated from the U.S.
BURCHFIELD, CHARLES EPHRAIM (9 Apr. 1893-10 Jan. 1967) was probably the most renowned graduate of the Cleveland School of Art (see CLEVELAND INSTITUTE OF ART) and maintained Cleveland ties even after settling in Buffalo, N.Y. Born in Ashtabula, O., the son of Wm.
The BURDICK HOUSE, a noted example of modern architecture on Stratford Road in CLEVELAND HEIGHTS, was constructed for HAROLD B. BURDICK (1895-1947), a Cleveland architect. The Burdick house was built in 1938-39 as a prototype for an economical middle-income house.
BURDICK, HAROLD BENNETT (5 Oct. 1895-24 May 1947) was an eclectic architect who designed some 28 homes in SHAKER HEIGHTS and whose own residence represented the first complete architectural statement of the modern house in Greater Cleveland.
The BUREAU OF CHILD HYGIENE was set up in 1912 by the Cleveland Health Department to reduce infant mortality. Because many illnesses of young children were caused by milk-borne pathogens, the bureau's main duty was to oversee milk production and distribution.
BUREAU OF JEWISH EDUCATION. See CENTER FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF JEWISH EDUCATION.