Updated quarterly.
Last updated on: January 22nd, 2026
| Year | Total Neuropath Referrals2 | Prion Disease | Sporadic | Familial | iCJD | vCJD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 & earlier | 386 | 234 | 203 | 28 | 3 | 0 |
| 2000 | 145 | 102 | 90 | 12 | 0 | 0 |
| 2001 | 209 | 118 | 110 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
| 2002 | 241 | 144 | 124 | 18 | 2 | 0 |
| 2003 | 259 | 160 | 137 | 21 | 2 | 0 |
| 2004 | 314 | 180 | 163 | 16 | 0 | 13 |
| 2005 | 331 | 179 | 157 | 21 | 1 | 0 |
| 2006 | 364 | 179 | 159 | 17 | 1 | 24 |
| 2007 | 374 | 211 | 192 | 19 | 0 | 0 |
| 2008 | 384 | 220 | 204 | 16 | 0 | 0 |
| 2009 | 396 | 231 | 210 | 20 | 1 | 0 |
| 2010 | 402 | 247 | 219 | 28 | 0 | 0 |
| 2011 | 390 | 238 | 214 | 24 | 0 | 0 |
| 2012 | 413 | 244 | 221 | 23 | 0 | 0 |
| 2013 | 418 | 258 | 223 | 34 | 1 | 0 |
| 2014 | 355 | 208 | 185 | 21 | 1 | 15 |
| 2015 | 400 | 261 | 242 | 19 | 0 | 0 |
| 2016 | 394 | 278 | 249 | 29 | 0 | 0 |
| 2017 | 377 | 265 | 246 | 19 | 0 | 0 |
| 2018 | 311 | 222 | 203 | 18 | 1 | 0 |
| 2019 | 434 | 279 | 258 | 21 | 0 | 0 |
| 2020 | 369 | 253 | 228 | 24 | 1 | 0 |
| 2021 | 343 | 246 | 224 | 22 | 0 | 0 |
| 2022 | 343 | 229 | 209 | 20 | 0 | 0 |
| 2023 | 328 | 240 | 218 | 21 | 1 | 0 |
| 2024 | 344 | 264 | 248 | 16 | 0 | 0 |
| 2025 | 344 | 235 | 158 | 20 | 0 | 0 |
| 2026 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| TOTAL | 9,3856 | 5,9257 | 5,2948 | 5559 | 15 | 4 |
| Year | CSF Only & RT-QuIC Positive10 |
|---|---|
| 2015 | 139 |
| 2016 | 186 |
| 2017 | 225 |
| 2018 | 261 |
| 2019 | 306 |
| 2020 | 308 |
| 2021 | 325 |
| 2022 | 339 |
| 2023 | 316 |
| 2024 | 411 |
| 2025 | 396 |
| TOTAL | 321211 |
1 Listed based on the year of death or, if not available, on the year of referral;
2 Cases with suspected prion disease for which brain tissue and/or blood (in familial cases) were submitted. Includes 32 autopsy-coordinated cases pending tissue receipt;
3 Disease acquired in the United Kingdom;
4 Disease acquired in the United Kingdom in one case and Saudi Arabia in the other.
5 Disease possibly acquired in a Middle Eastern or Eastern European country;
6 Includes 45 cases in which the diagnosis is pending (1 from 2024, 34 from 2025, and 8 from 2026), and 25 inconclusive cases;
7 Includes 57 (57 from 2025) cases with type determination pending, in which the diagnosis of vCJD has been excluded.
8 The sporadic cases include 5,156 cases of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), 96 cases of Variably Protease-Sensitive Prionopathy (VPSPr), and 42 cases of sporadic Fatal Insomnia (sFI).
9 Total does not include 346 Familial cases diagnosed by blood only.
10 Lists the number of positive RT-QuIC cases for which we have not received tissue.
11 Includes the number of positive RT-QuIC results reported from Mayo Clinic (12 from 2024, 83 from 2025)