CORRIGAN, JAMES W. JR. (7 Apr. 1880-23 Jan. 1928), who inherited the Corrigan-McKinney Steel fortune, was born in Grybow, Polish Austria, the son of Capt. James C. and Ida Allen Corrigan. He was educated at the Michigan Military Academy at Orchard Lake, Mich., and Case School of Applied Science.
CORRIGAN, LAURA MAE (2 Jan. 1879-22 Jan. 1948), an international socialite, was born in Wisconsin, the daughter of Charles and Emma Whitrock. She married, then divorced, physician Duncan R. MacMartin in Chicago. In 1917 she married Jas. W. Corrigan, son of a founder of the Corrigan-McKinney Steel Co.
The CORRIGAN-MCKINNEY STEEL CO., once one of the outstanding steel companies in America, traced its origins back to Corrigan, Ives, and Co., dealers in iron ore and pig iron, established in Cleveland ca. 1890. One of its founders, James W. Corrigan, had made a fortune with Standard Oil. Corrigan-Ives went into receivership in 1893, and was reborn as Corrigan, McKinney & Co. about 1895, with Price McKinney as a partner.
CORY UNITED METHODIST CHURCH, one of the oldest AFRICAN AMERICAN churches in Cleveland, grew from 15 members at its founding on 25 March 1875 to an important institutional church by the 1960s. Rev.
The COSMOPOLITAN DEMOCRATIC LEAGUE OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY is a political organization of elected officials and citizens that represents the interests of Greater Cleveland's ethnic groups within the Democratic party. The league was formed on 2 Nov. 1932 by Felix T. Matia, director of public parks, who served as president. Municipal Judge George S.
The COTILLION SOCIETY OF CLEVELAND, a private social nonprofit organization, was inaugurated at a meeting of 28 charter members on 9 Feb. 1964 at the MAYFIELD COUNTRY CLUB. The first officers included Chas. W. Steadman, chairman; Wm. Feather, Jr., 1st vice-chairman; Henry J. Nave, 2nd vice-chairman; Keith S. Benson, secretary; and Robt. Berger, Jr., treasurer.
COTNER, MERCEDES R. (March 1905-29 Nov.
COTTON CLUB BOTTLING AND CANNING CO., a soft drink processing firm, began in 1902 as Miller and Becker, bottlers, at 272 Forest (now E. 37th St.). Founders of the company were Isaac Miller and Eli Becker. By 1906 the company had moved to 5908 Woodland and had been renamed the Miller-Becker Co. The company relocated to 6411 Central Ave. by 1928 and remained there for over 20 years.
The COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES (CEO) IN GREATER CLEVELAND, 1350 W. 3rd St., was established in 1964 to develop, administer, and coordinate Pres. Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty program locally. Under the leadership of Ralph W. Findley until 1979, the federally financed Cleveland CEO established a number of lasting programs.
The COUNCIL FOR HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, operating as a council of the AMERICAN HEART ASSN. in 1994, was founded in Cleveland in 1945 as the National Foundation for High Blood Pressure to encourage research into the causes of high blood pressure.
COUNCIL OF INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS. See CLEVELAND INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM (CIP).
The COUNTRY CLUB, 2825 Lander Rd., PEPPER PIKE, one of Cleveland's most prestigious country clubs, dates from 1889, when a small, informal group of horseback riders, known as the Bit & Bridle Club, frequently rode from their mansions on Euclid Ave. out to open country along Lake Erie. They purchased a site near the intersection of Eddy Rd. and Lake Shore Blvd.
The COURT OF NISI PRIUS, an invitational social club limited to a special membership of lawyers and judges that meets every week for companionship, began when a group of young lawyers that had been gathering informally for fellowship was officially organized by 2 Cleveland lawyers, Homer H. McKeehan and John W. Hart.
COVELESKI, STANLEY ANTHONY "STAN" (13 July 1889-20 Mar. 1984) was a major league baseball pitcher for the CLEVELAND INDIANS between 1916-24, his 3 victories in the 1920 World Series helping the team win its first world championship. Born in Shamokin, PA, to Anthony and Antoinette Kowalewski, he worked in the coal mines at 12.
The COVENTRY VILLAGE BUSINESS DISTRICT is situated on Coventry Rd. between Mayfield Rd. and Euclid Hts. Blvd. in CLEVELAND HTS. Coventry Rd. was originally built as a part of Patrick Calhoun's 1890s suburb of Euclid Hts. The Coventry business district was established and grew to serve the rapidly increasing populations of Euclid Hts. and the adjacent Mayfield Hts. developments.
COVERT, JOHN CUTLER (11 Feb. 1837-14 Jan. 1919) answered to the callings of journalist, politician, diplomat, and civic leader during a lifetime of 8 decades. He was born in Norwick, NY and brought in his youth to Cleveland, where he learned the printing trade in the job office of Timothy Snead and EDWIN COWLES.
COWAN POTTERY STUDIO, based in ROCKY RIVER, was one of the nation's leading potteries in the 1920s. R. (REGINALD) GUY COWAN, founder of the company, was born in 1884 in East Liverpool, OH, into a family of potters. He moved to Cleveland about 1908 and began teaching that year at East Technical High School.
COWAN, R. (REGINALD) GUY (1 Aug. 1884-10 March 1957) established and operated Cleveland's only major pottery, which earned a national reputation for its ceramic sculpture in the 1920s. Descended from a family of potters, he was born in East Liverpool, O., and learned his craft at the New York State School of Clayworking and Ceramics.
COWELL AND HUBBARD CO. is Cleveland's oldest jewelry store. The firm started in 1861 when Geo. Cowell and his son, Herbert, took control of the silversmith shop of Royal Cowles, which had opened in 1849 under the Weddell House at Superior Ave. and Bank (W. 6th) St. H. Cowell & Co. sold clocks, watches, silverware, lamps, fine jewelry, and notions.
COWGILL, LEWIS F. (2 July 1910-4 Oct. 1988), inventor and school teacher, he contributed to the fields of automation and educational television. Lewis was born in Lewisburg, Ohio, the son of William F. and Gula Schwartz Cowgill.
COWLES (COWLS), SAMUEL (ca. 1774-22 Nov. 1837) pioneer Cleveland lawyer and businessman, was born in Simsbury, Connecticut, the son of Joseph and Sarah Mills Cowles. A graduate of Williams College, he practiced law in Connecticut for some 15 years before coming to Cleveland in 1818.
COWLES, EDWIN W. (19 Sept. 1825-4 Mar. 1890), a prominent newspaper editor, was born in Austinburg, Ohio, and came to Cleveland in 1839 as a printing apprentice. In 1844 Cowles and Timothy Smead formed a printing partnership.
COWLES, FLORENCE ABIGAIL (7 Apr. 1878 - 22 Aug. 1958), newspaper columnist, playwright, and cookbook author, worked on the editorial staff of THE PLAIN DEALER for 28 years, from 1917 until 1944.
Cowles, John Guiteau Welch was born in Oberlin, Ohio, March 14, 1836. The son of Rev. Henry and Alice Welch Cowles, he was educated in public and preparatory schools of Oberlin and entered Oberlin College, where he studied for the ministry. He received his AB from Oberlin College in 1856, his AM from the Oberlin Theological Seminary in 1859, and an honorary LL.D. from the College in 1898.
COX, JACOB D., JR. (1 Nov. 1881-16 Feb. 1953), president of the Cleveland Twist Drill Co., was a pioneer in profit sharing and employee stock participation planning. Born in Cleveland to Ellen Prentiss and Jacob D.
COX, JACOB DOLSON (15 May 1852-23 Feb. 1930) co-founded the Cleveland manufacturing firm of Cox and Prentiss, an ancestor of the ACME-CLEVELAND CORPORATION. He was born in Warren, OH, to Jacob Dolson and Helen Finney Cox. His father, a lawyer, was the 22nd governor of Ohio (1865-67) and Secretary of the Interior under President Grant.
COYLE, GRACE LONGWELL (22 March 1892-8 March 1962), sociologist, author, and educator, specialized in social reform through group activity while professor at the School of Applied Sciences of Western Reserve University (WRU, later CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY) for almost 30 years.
COYNE, RICHARD FRANCIS (September 5, 1935 - August 23, 2014) was the founder and first president of the GREAT LAKES SCIENCE CENTER in Cleveland, OH. He was born to Frank W. and Kathryn (McDonald) Coyne in Scranton, PA.
COZAD, SAMUEL III (4 April 1794-23 May 1870) Western Reserve pioneer that settled the Euclid Ave.-Wade Park area, was born in New Jersey, the son of Samuel Jr. and Jane McIlrath Cozad. He and his family arrived in the Western Reserve in 1806 to settle land purchased by his father at $1 an acre extending from DOAN'S CORNERS (E.
COZZENS, FATHER DONALD (May 17, 1939-December 9, 2021) was a priest, professor, and author who wrote about contemporary issues in the Catholic Church. He was the oldest of four children born to Bernard and Florence (Gaye) Cozzens.
CRAIG, LILLIAN (12 June 1937-14 Nov. 1979), a leader in the local welfare-rights movement and founder of the Natl. Welfare Rights Organization (1967), was born in Cleveland to an abusive, alcoholic father, placed in foster care at 14 after her mother's death, then sent to Marycrest School for Girls. She had to refuse a scholarship to St. John's College because it made no allowances for living expenses.
CRAMER, CLARENCE HENLEY (23 June 1905-15 Mar. 1982), author, dean, and professor of history, was born in Eureka, Kans., to Rev. David and Erma Henley Cramer. The family settled in Mt. Gilead, Ohio and Cramer received his B.A. (1927), M.A. (1928), and Ph.D (1931) in history from Ohio State University. From 1931-42 he was associate professor of history at Southern Illinois University at Carbondale.
CRANE, HART (21 July 1899-27 Apr. 1932), a modern, lyrical poet of the 1920s, was born in Garretsville, Ohio, to Grace Hart and C.A. Crane, millionaire candy manufacturer. In 1909, after his mother and father separated, he and his mother moved to Cleveland. Crane began writing verse at 13, publishing his first poem at 16 (1915) in Bruno's Weekly while attending East High School.
CRANE, ORRIN J. (1828-27 Nov. 1863), a volunteer CIVIL WAR Army officer, was born in Troy, N.Y. and at the war's outbreak was employed as a carpenter for a Cleveland shipbuilder. He enlisted on 17 Apr. 1861 as a private, was elected 1st lieutenant when his company became Co. A, 7th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was appointed captain on 14 May 1861.
CRAWFORD AUTO-AVIATION MUSEUM. See WESTERN RESERVE HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
CRAWFORD, FREDERICK COOLIDGE, (19 March 1891-9 Dec. 1994) successful businessman, promoter of aviation, and collector of vintage automobiles, was born in Watertown, Massachusetts, the son of Fred E. and Mattie Coolidge Crawford. He attended Harvard University, graduating in 1913, and received a Masters degree in Civil Engineering from the school the following year.
CRAYTON, LEROY, (27 July 1900-10 Oct. 1963), an AFRICAN AMERICAN business and civic leader, was born in Adger, Alabama, a mining town outside Birmingham.
CRC PRESS, INC., an internationally known and respected publisher of scientific handbooks, texts, and reports, was begun in Cleveland in 1903 as the Chemical Rubber Co. Three brothers—Arthur, Leo, and Emanuel Friedman—formed the company as a means of financing their college educations.
CREECH, HARRIS (26 Feb. 1874-18 May 1941) was president of the Cleveland Trust Co. for 18 years; his leadership during the Depression ensured the company's continuance as the premier banking institution for many years. Creech was born in Cleveland, the son of James and Carabelle Simmons Creech and was educated in the city's public schools.
CREIGHTON, WILLIAM R. (June 1837-27 Nov. 1863), a volunteer CIVIL WAR officer born in Pittsburgh, Pa., was a printer at the CLEVELAND HERALD when war began. Creighton recruited a company of infantry on 17 Apr. 1861, mustered as Co.
CRILE HOSPITAL (June 1943-64) was built by the U.S. Army as a hospital for soldiers and military veterans. Located on York Rd. in PARMA, it was named in honor of Col. GEORGE W. CRILE, SR., who served as clinical director of the LAKESIDE UNIT, WORLD WAR I (U.S.
CRILE, GEORGE WASHINGTON, SR. (11 Nov. 1864-7 Jan. 1943), surgeon, researcher, and a founder of the CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION, was born in Chili, Ohio, to Michael and Margaret Deeds Crile. He received his A.B. from Ohio Northern University (1885), his medical degree from Wooster Medical College (1887), and additional training in Europe.
CRILE, GEORGE, JR. (3 Nov. 1907—9 Sept. 1992), an Honorary Member of the English Royal College of Surgeons (elected 1978), served the CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION for over half a century and campaigned against unnecessary surgery. His advocacy modified the treatment of breast cancer across the United States.
CRIME. Although crimes were committed in Cleveland almost immediately after the arrival of the first settlers, it is hard to find criminal acts documented in any of the social or intellectual histories of the city or the WESTERN RESERVE.
CRITTENTON HOME. See FLORENCE CRITTENTON HOME.
CROATIANS. In 1990 Greater Cleveland contained over 15,000 people whose primary ancestry was Croatian, the 4th-largest concentration of Croatians in the U.S., after Pittsburgh, Chicago, and New York. During the two world wars, and in the period 1950-70, Cleveland was a main center of Croatian and South Slavic political, fraternal, and cultural activities.
CROGHAN, GEORGE (1720-31 Aug. 1782) was a frontiersman, trader, and Indian agent who was born in Ireland and came to Pennsylvania in 1741. He served as a captain under Gen. Braddock, and later as Sir Wm. Johnson's deputy superintendent of Indian affairs.
CROSSER, ROBERT (7 June 1874-3 June 1957) was a Democratic politician who represented the Cleveland area in the United States Congress for 38 years between 1912 and 1954. Influenced by Mayor TOM L.
CROWELL, BENEDICT (21 Oct. 1869-8 Sept. 1952), assistant secretary of war under NEWTON D. BAKER during WORLD WAR I, was born in Cleveland, the son of William and Mary Benedict Crowell. He attended Case Institute of Technology, and earned his Ph.B. (1891) and M.A. (1918) in chemistry from Yale.
CROWELL, JOHN (15 Feb. 1801-10 Mar 1883) was a well-known attorney, supporter of the Republican Party, and public speaker.