Cleveland Peace Action, is a grassroots peace organization founded in 1981 as the Greater Cleveland Nuclear Weapons Freeze Campaign. With the merger of the national Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy and the national Nuclear Weapons Freeze Campaign, Cleveland Peace Action took on its present name at the first National Peace Action Congress held in Cleveland in 1987.
The CLEVELAND PHILHARMONIC ORCHESTRA became a source of fine music for Clevelanders while fulfilling its primary purpose as a means by which area musicians gained valuable concert experience. The orchestra was founded in 1938 by 3 Cleveland musicians: bass clarinetist Alfred Zetzer, oboist Robt. Zupnik, and cellist Irving Klein. They approached Dr. F.
The CLEVELAND PHOTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY was established as the Cleveland Camera Club on 25 Jan. 1887 to advocate the leisure aspect of photography. By 18 June 1913 a controversial reorganization of the club for financial solvency resulted in the Cleveland Photographic Society, incorporated 9 Oct. 1920.
The CLEVELAND PIPERS were acquired by George Steinbrenner in 1961 to enter the newly formed professional American Basketball League organized by Abe Saperstein, owner of the Harlem Globetrotters. Before joining the ABL, the Pipers were an Industrial Basketball League team in 1959-60 and 1960-61, winning the league championship and the national Amateur Athletic Union crown in 1960-61.
The Cleveland Play House is the longest-running professional theater in the United States. Unlike many theatres that celebrate their longevity, the Cleveland Play House remains the only institution that has been in continual operation since its establishment in 1915. The founders of the theatre gathered in the living room of CHARLES S.
CLEVELAND PNEUMATIC TOOL CO. See GOODRICH LANDING GEAR.
The CLEVELAND POLICE DEPARTMENT was formed in 1866 under the auspices of the Metropolitan Police Act enacted by the Ohio general assembly. Prior to 1866 police services had been provided by an elected city marshal assisted by a small number of constables and volunteer night watchmen.
The CLEVELAND POLICE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, INC., AND MUSEUM was founded in 1983 when a group of Cleveland police officers and interested citizens began meeting as a steering committee with the purpose of creating a police museum.
The CLEVELAND PRESS was the flagship of the communications chain founded by EDWARD W. SCRIPPS. Five years after helping his brother James start the Detroit News, Scripps came to Cleveland, where he started the Penny Press on Frankfort St. on 2 Nov. 1878.
The CLEVELAND PRO-CHOICE ACTION COMMITTEE (1978-1984) was grassroots activist organization that supported the larger agenda of reproductive rights, including support for safe, legal and funded abortion, opposition to coercive sterilization, opposition to the Hyde Amendment, and defense of health clinics from anti-abortion demonstrators.
CLEVELAND PROTESTANT ORPHANAGE. See BEECH BROOK, INC.
The CLEVELAND PROVISION CO., founded in 1854 as Rose & Prentiss by BENJAMIN ROSE and Chauncey Prentiss, and incorporated as the Cleveland Provision Co. in 1876, was the leading meat packer in Cleveland for over a century.
The CLEVELAND PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE (CPI), established in 1945 as the Cleveland State Receiving Hospital, is a short-term psychiatric-care hospital for the observation, care, and treatment of the mentally ill, especially those patients with mild conditions in the early stages and possibly of short duration.
The CLEVELAND PSYCHOANALYTIC CENTER, which prior to 2002 was known as The Cleveland Psychoanalytic Society, was founded by Doctors MAURITZ and ANNY KATAN and Dr.
The CLEVELAND PUBLIC LIBRARY, one of the nation’s leading public library systems, opened its doors on 17 February 1869, under the provisions of an April 1867 act of the Ohio legislature that had been championed by Cleveland educator Rev.
CLEVELAND PUBLIC SCHOOLS. Cleveland's public schools are rooted in the campaign to provide a tax-supported, compulsory system of education that began with Horace Mann in Massachusetts and Henry Barnard in Connecticut during the late 1820s. They and other reformers in the antebellum era fought to create a legal and financial basis for public education and to include secondary schooling in the system.
CLEVELAND PUBLIC THEATRE (CPT) was founded in 1981 by James Levin, a graduate of Shaker Heights High School and CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV law school. Levin had spent the previous three years as an actor and director at Cafe LaMaMa, the internationally renowned experimental theatre in New York City.
The CLEVELAND QUARRIES CO. is a major extractor of sandstone deposits at Amherst and formerly BEREA. The history of the company was closely linked with those of the city of Berea and BALDWIN-WALLACE COLLEGE. The first corporate ancestor of the Cleveland Quarries Co.
The CLEVELAND QUARTET, originally made up of Donald Weilerstein and Peter Salaff, violins, Martha Strongin Katz, viola, and Paul Katz, cello, was the first in-residence string quartet at the CLEVELAND INSTITUTE OF MUSIC.
The CLEVELAND RAILWAY CO., held the city's public transit franchise from 1910-42. During that time its streetcar lines carried hundreds of millions of passengers on a fleet that numbered as many as 1,702 streetcars and buses. Cleveland's privately owned street railway industry began as the city awarded companies exclusive franchises to operate horse-drawn cars and later electric streetcar lines along specified streets.
The CLEVELAND RAILWAY FIGHT (1879-1882) pitted TOM L. JOHNSON against MARCUS A. HANNA, Elias Simms, and the six other owners of established street railways in the city. Johnson, a wealthy young entrepreneur new to Cleveland, bid against Simms & Hanna for a new railway grant.
The CLEVELAND RAMS were the first prolonged and well-financed attempt to establish a professional football team in Cleveland. Damon "Buzz" Wetzel, star fullback at Ohio State Univ., organized the Rams in 1936 as part of the new 6-team American Football League. Financed by a group of local businessmen headed by attorney Homer H.
The CLEVELAND RAPE CRISIS CENTER (CRCC), founded in February 1974, advocates women's safety, counsels victims of rape and sexual abuse and their families, and educates the public about these and other issues. The first such center in the U.S. was organized in Washington, D.C. in the summer of 1972.
The CLEVELAND REBELS basketball team, organized in 1946 by AL SUTPHIN, owner of the CLEVELAND ARENA, played in the newly organized Basketball Assn. of America, whose aim was to bring professional basketball to the major cities of the country. Cleveland was in the Western Division, which also had teams from St.
The CLEVELAND RECORD was published by members of the CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER GUILD to alleviate the news blackout that accompanied their strike of the CLEVELAND PRESS and PLAIN DEALER on 29 Nov. 1962.
The CLEVELAND RECORDER was launched as a morning daily on 9 Sept. 1895. Cleveland's last daily example of personal journalism, it was the mouthpiece of its founder, veteran newspaperman GEO. A. ROBERTSON. TOM L.
CLEVELAND RECORDING CO., founded by radio announcer FREDERICK C. WOLF in the 1930s, was Cleveland's first professional recording studio and one of the longest operating independent recording studios in the United States.
The CLEVELAND RED SOX were a Negro League baseball team in the Negro National League in 1934. Owned by Prentice Byrd and Dr. E.L. Langrum, the Red Sox were managed by Bobby Williams, while Lem Williams ran the business operations.
The CLEVELAND REPORTER was established midway through a 4-week newspaper strike in Nov. 1956, as a substitute for Cleveland's 3 closed dailies. The tabloid made its first appearance on 5 Nov. 1956, 3 days after publication ceased on a combined edition of the Plain Dealer, News, and Press. It was published by striking newsmen and printers, using the facilities of the United Publishing Co.
The CLEVELAND REPUBLICAN was a campaign paper issued to promote the election of John Tyler as president. Published and edited by Emanuel Fisher, it first appeared on 2 May 1844 and continued at irregular intervals thereafter, at least through 18 July. Tyler withdrew from the race in favor of the Democratic nominee, Jas. K. Polk, on 20 Aug.
The CLEVELAND RESTORATION SOCIETY (CRS) is one of the country's leading historic preservation organizations and a partner of the National Trust for Historic Preservation. Formerly known as the Downtown Restoration Society, CRS was founded by Maxine Goodman Levin, Dr.
The CLEVELAND ROCKERS were Cleveland's first professional women's basketball franchise. On October 31, 1996, the Women's National Basketball Association announced that Cleveland and seven other cities would be awarded franchises to open the inaugural 28-game summer season in 1997. The Cleveland Cavaliers organization was designated to run Cleveland's new Eastern Conference WNBA team.
The CLEVELAND ROCKET SOCIETY, formed ca. 1933, was an organization of area residents who studied the possibilities of liquid-propelled rocket flight and conducted experiments in that field. Founded and led by ERNST LOEBELL, a German-born engineer who worked for Otis Elevator Co.
The CLEVELAND ROLLING MILL STRIKES occurred during the summer of 1882 and 1885 and involved skilled workers who were largely of British origin, as well as Polish and Czech unskilled laborers who were working in the company's facilities near present-day Jones Rd. and Broadway. In May 1882, the Amalgamated Assn.
CLEVELAND ROLLING MILLS. See U.S. STEEL CORP.
The CLEVELAND ROWING FOUNDATION, previously named The Western Reserve Rowing Foundation (WRRF), was created as an umbrella organization for the expansion of rowing in the Greater Cleveland Area.
The CLEVELAND SCHOOL OF THE ARTS, at 2064 Stearns Road, just west of the CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY campus, was, as of 2006, considered one of the city's leading public schools and is perhaps the district's most visible and popular program for grades (as of 2023) 9-12.
CLEVELAND SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS. See SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS (SAE), CLEVELAND SECTION.
CLEVELAND SETTLEMENT UNION. See SETTLEMENT HOUSES.
The CLEVELAND SHOPPING NEWS thrived between the two world wars on the concept of a newspaper consisting wholly of ads and delivered gratis. Though claiming to be the first of its breed, the paper had remote antecedents on the local scene in 2 pre-Civil War publications, the Commercial Gazette and the Commercial Advertiser (ca. 1856-61). From its initial issue of 15 Oct.
The CLEVELAND SIGHT CENTER OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE BLIND, formerly the Cleveland Society for the Blind, was founded in 1906 and has provided special services that enable people to cope with vision loss and/or total blindness. A pioneer in subcontracting with private industry and in community glaucoma programs, it has served as a model for agencies in other cities.
CLEVELAND SIGNSTAGE THEATRE (formerly Fairmount Theatre of the Deaf) was founded in 1975 by Brian Kilpatrick, a deaf actor, and Chas. St. Clair, whose intentions were to stage plays and make them available to the hearing-impaired by translating them into American Sign Language. Since that time the theatre has established and maintained a reputation for bringing to the stage a new expression in the area of theatre.
CLEVELAND SINGERS, the only fully professional chorus in the Cleveland area, was established in 1982 as the Robert Page Singers. Its founder and artistic director, Robert Page, was formerly the choral director of the CLEVELAND ORCHESTRA. Most of its original members were recruited from the chorus of CLEVELAND OPERA.
CLEVELAND SISTER CITY PARTNERSHIPS. Sister City partnerships are cooperative political, economic, and cultural relationships established between two cities or communities in different countries around the world. Such partnerships have played a crucial role in forging diplomacy and mutual understanding among various nations and cultures. The program began in 1956 with U.S.
The CLEVELAND SKATING CLUB, 2500 Kemper Rd., SHAKER HTS., was one of the first figure-skating clubs in the U.S. to own its own club building. Founded in 1936 by a group of families who wanted their own private indoor skating rink, the club acquired the property, clubhouse, and other facilities of the Cleveland Tennis & Racquet Club at Fairhill and Kemper Rds.
CLEVELAND SOCIETY FOR CRIPPLED CHILDREN. See ACHIEVEMENT CENTER FOR CHILDREN.
CLEVELAND SOCIETY FOR THE BLIND. See CLEVELAND SIGHT CENTER OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE BLIND.