The CLEVELAND SOCIETY OF ARTISTS was founded in Mar. 1913 by GEO. ADOMEIT and Chas. Shackelton to provide a means of communication between artists, art lovers, and practitioners in the applied arts and crafts.
The CLEVELAND SOROSIS, organized in May 1891 with 17 members, focused on women's growing sense of power to change themselves, their condition, and society. The group grew out of the Western Reserve Club of Cleveland (est. 1882) and was patterned after clubs in New York and California. Mrs. W. G. Rose served as the group's first president.
The CLEVELAND SPIDERS were a professional baseball team in the American Assn. in 1887-88 before moving to the National League for the 1889 season. Streetcar tycoon FRANK DEHAAS ROBISON received a Cleveland franchise to play in the AA in 1887 and built a ballpark on his streetcar line at Payne Ave. and E. 39th St.
The CLEVELAND SPONSORED FILM FESTIVAL, not to be confused with the CLEVELAND INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL, was first held on 17 June 1948.
The CLEVELAND SPORTS STARS FOUNDATION was established in 1992 under the auspices of the Northeast Ohio Chapter of Concern II, an all-volunteer, nonprofit organization committed to funding cancer research for children. Concern II is governed by the articles of incorporation and bylaws of the Concern Foundation, the parent organization of Concern II, which began in 1967 in Los Angeles.
The CLEVELAND STARS were a Negro League baseball team in the short-lived East-West League in 1932. Few details are known about the team, but they finished in last place with an 8 and 14 record.
The CLEVELAND STATE HOSPITAL (1852-1975) was a state-supported psychiatric facility for long-term care. Originally known as the Northern Ohio Lunatic Asylum, it was the second of 6 public asylums established in Ohio during the 1850s. It was later known as Newburgh State Hospital. The Northern Ohio Lunatic Asylum was authorized by an act of the Ohio legislature.
CLEVELAND STATE UNIVERSITY (est. 1965) occupies a campus of approx. 70 acres and 37 buildings centered on Euclid Ave. between E. 17th St. and the Innerbelt Freeway. CSU consists of 7 colleges: Fenn College of Engineering, James J. Nance College of Business Administration, Arts & Sciences, Education, Urban Affairs, Graduate Studies, and the Cleveland-Marshall College of Law.
The CLEVELAND STATE UNIVERSITY POETRY CENTER was founded at FENN COLLEGE in 1962 by Lewis Turco, a member of the English Dept. at Fenn, which became CLEVELAND STATE UNIV. in 1964. Originally called the Cleveland Poetry Center, from its inception it has been a public service activity sponsored by the English Dept.
The CLEVELAND STRING QUARTET was a chamber music group attached to the CLEVELAND ORCHESTRA in the 1920s and 1930s and composed of principal players from the orchestra's string section.
The CLEVELAND SUNDAY SUN was introduced on 10 Oct. 1880 by W. Scott Robison, one of the original founders of the Sunday Voice. Like its contemporary competitors, it contained 8 pages and sold for $.05. Editorial offices were at 134 St. Clair Ave. Besides the emphasis placed on graphics, the Sun began a women's feature and opened a column to amateur poets.
The CLEVELAND SUNDAY TIMES served as the name for 3 different publications in the 1870s. First came the Cleveland Sunday Times of 17 Sept. 1871, the first Sunday newspaper issued in Cleveland since the short-lived Sunday Morning Review of 1858. Published by Mr. Saltiel and William P.
The CLEVELAND SURVEY OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE of 1921 was the first thorough study of the criminal-justice system of a major American city and served as a model for surveys in at least 7 states and for Pres. Hoover's Commission on Law Observance & Enforcement (known as the Wickersham Commission), the first such national assessment.
The CLEVELAND SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA was a short-lived effort to establish a permanent orchestra in Cleveland at the turn of the century. The orchestra premiered in Jan. 1900, having been created by JOHANN BECK out of the remnants of the Philharmonic Orchestra.
CLEVELAND TANK PLANT. See I-X CENTER.
The CLEVELAND TATE STARS were the city's representative in Rube Foster's Negro National Baseball League in 1922 and part of 1923, with offices located at 3734 Central Ave. Owned by businessman George Tate, the team was plagued by financial problems and a losing record throughout its short existence.
The CLEVELAND TEACHERS' UNION was chartered in Cleveland in 1934 as the American Fed. of Teachers Local 279; its name was changed in 1940. The union was organized to counter the problems of layoffs, transfers, class size, long hours, and low wages, which had worsened during the Depression. Between 1932-33, teachers' salaries were cut by 40%. Teachers were sometimes paid in scrip, and sometimes not at all.
The CLEVELAND TECHNICAL SOCIETIES COUNCIL was organized on 13 Oct. 1941 by 24 technical societies in Cleveland to coordinate the activities of local engineering and technical groups. The organization's goals were to function as a unifying force in technical fields and provide expert counsel on technical matters.
The CLEVELAND TENANTS ORGANIZATION (CTO) was founded in 1975 to serve as an information and advocacy agency, to publicize the benefits of the Ohio Landlord Tenant Act of 1974, and to encourage renters to utilize its provisions so that unacceptable living conditions would be promptly addressed and remedied.
The CLEVELAND THEATER was known as the city's melodrama theater. Built by Chas. H. Bulkley, it was located at the northeast corner of St. Clair Ave. along the W. 2nd St. alley. The theater opened under the management of Frank M. Drew on 19 Oct. 1885 with a performance of Michael Strogoff by the Chas. L. Andrews Co. Drew quit at the close of the first season. In Sept. 1886, H. R.
The CLEVELAND THYAGARAJA FESTIVAL was established in 1978 by ASIAN INDIAN immigrants who wished to start a Thyagaraja Aradhana.
The CLEVELAND TIGERS were the city's representative in the Negro National League for the 1928 season. They played their home games at LUNA PARK and finished last in the league that year with a 19-53 record. The team was owned by a white man, M.C.
The CLEVELAND TIGERS, often referred to as the Cleveland Indians, were the first Cleveland franchise in what became the National Football League.
The CLEVELAND TIMES (1845) first appeared on a local masthead as the name of a Democratic weekly started on 10 Sept. 1845. Published by Horace Steele and Peter Baxter, it was edited by the former and appeared on Wednesdays. Within a few weeks it claimed 400 subscribers in Cleveland, as well as 100 in Painesville, which appeared to have been Steele's former base of operations.
The CLEVELAND TIMES (1922) represented the last serious attempt to establish another daily newspaper in Cleveland. It survived for 5 years in the mid-1920s. The paper began as the Cleveland Commercial on 2 Mar. 1922; it was renamed the Cleveland Times & Commercial by the following year and eventually became simply the Times. Published by the Cleveland Commercial Publishing Co.
CLEVELAND TODAY, see NEW CLEVELAND CAMPAIGN.
CLEVELAND TOMORROW, a private civic organization made up of chief executive officers of the largest companies in the Cleveland-area, was created in 1981 to improve the long-term economic health of Cleveland. Founded by several important business and industrial leaders, including Ruben F. Mettler, chairman of TRW, INC.; E.
CLEVELAND TOWN TOPICS was the "Bible" of Cleveland's social and cultural sets for over 40 years. Billed as "A Weekly Review of Society, Art, and Literature," it was founded on 17 Dec. 1887 by Felix Rosenberg, who served as editor, and Thomas J. Rose, who became business manager. Its magazine format organized coverage into regular departments in lieu of feature articles.
The CLEVELAND TRAINING SCHOOL FOR COLORED NURSES was established in 1898 to provide medical education for black women. At a time when black doctors and nurses had difficulty gaining access to hospitals for internships and practicums, the school's founder, Dr. Latrobe Motley, tried to purchase a hospital building to offer the nurses a practical training.
CLEVELAND TRANSIT SYSTEM. See GREATER CLEVELAND REGIONAL TRANSIT AUTHORITY.
The CLEVELAND TRINIDAD PAVING CO., one of the leading asphaltic paving firms, was founded in 1890 by MATTHEW FREDERICK BRAMLEY (1868-1941). Originally natural asphalt was used, a material originating on the island of Trinidad—thus the company's name.
THE CLEVELAND TRUST BUILDING at E. 9th and Euclid was built from 1907 to 1908 by GEORGE B. POST AND SONS. THE CLEVELAND TRUST is an example of the Beaux Arts style of architecture, introduced to the United States by architects such as Richard M. Hunt, George B. Post’s mentor.
CLEVELAND TRUST CO. See AMERITRUST.
CLEVELAND TWIST DRILL. See ACME-CLEVELAND.
CLEVELAND UNION EYE CARE CENTER, INC., owned and operated by the trade union movement of northeastern Ohio, was created as the result of a study in 1958 of the needs of union members for a comprehensive program of eye care.
The CLEVELAND UNION LEADER arose amid the labor disputes of the 1930s to provide a voice for industrial union organization. It was launched on Labor Day, 3 Sept.
The CLEVELAND UNION STOCKYARDS CO. was organized as the Cleveland Union Stockyards in 1881 and incorporated as the Cleveland Union Stockyards Co. in 1892. In 1893 it acquired the Farmers & Drovers' Stockyards Co. Originally located on Scranton Rd., it moved to 3200 W. 65th after a landslide destroyed the first site.
The CLEVELAND UNION TERMINAL and Terminal Tower, Cleveland's most familiar landmark, was the largest construction project of the 1920s in the city. Originally intended for the north end of the MALL, the railroad terminal was located on PUBLIC SQUARE by ORIS P. AND MANTIS J.
CLEVELAND UNIVERSITY became the city's first institution of higher learning in a brief career lasting from 1851-53. It was chartered by the Ohio general assembly on 5 Mar.
The CLEVELAND VOCAL SOCIETY, 1874-1902, under the leadership of ALFRED ARTHUR fashioned a record of substantial musical achievement, headed by its many introductory performances in Cleveland of major chorale works with orchestra.
The CLEVELAND WATER CURE ESTABLISHMENT, founded in 1848 by Dr. Thos. T. Seelye, was a combination sanitarium and resort for the treatment of various ailments and diseases through HYDROPATHY. Such establishments became fashionable in the U.S., particularly in Ohio and New York, during the 1840s and 1850s.
CLEVELAND WELFARE RIGHTS MOVEMENT. See STUDENTS FOR A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY.
CLEVELAND WELSH SOCIETY. See BRITISH IMMIGRATION.
The CLEVELAND WHIG, after the appearance of a specimen issue on 20 Aug., began regular weekly publication under the editorship of Lewis L. Rice on 10 Sept. 1834. Politically, it advanced Whig party ideals and was sympathetic toward the rising antislavery movement. Francis B. Penniman of Utica, NY, joined Rice in a partnership from Jan. 1835 to Apr. 1836.
The CLEVELAND WOMAN'S CLUB provided Cleveland women with a place to hold meetings, entertain guests, and attend lectures and musical entertainments for more than 30 years. Set up as the not-for-profit Womens' Club House Assn. in 1908, the organization changed its charter to become a for-profit body in 1910 so as to realize its objectives.
CLEVELAND WOMEN WORKING. See 9TO5 NATIONAL ASSN. OF WORKING WOMEN.
Finding aid for the Cleveland Women Working Records. WRHS.
The CLEVELAND WOMEN'S ORCHESTRA was formed in 1935 to give women with a desire for a musical outlet the opportunity to participate in an orchestral experience. HYMAN SCHANDLER, the founder, was motivated by the dearth of women then participating in symphony orchestras. The Cleveland group survived to become the oldest women's orchestra in the United States and the world.
The CLEVELAND WORKHOUSE at Cooley Farms was recognized throughout the U.S. as one of the finest and most progressive penal institutions of its kind. It became a model for similar institutions around the world. The city's first workhouse was established in 1855 on Scranton Rd. with the city infirmary. In 1871 it moved to a new building on Woodland Ave. at E. 79th St., where it remained until 1912. Dr.
CLEVELAND WORKS INC., located at 812 Huron Rd., is a comprehensive training program to prepare welfare recipients for permanent employment. The organization began as Ohio Works, established in 1984 as a division of America Works, Inc., of Boston—a for-profit company with the goal of placing jobless poor in full-time jobs.
The CLEVELAND WORLD was the local version of the "yellow journalism" of the 1890s. An outgrowth of the Sunday World, it first appeared as an afternoon daily in the summer of 1889. Throughout its 16-year existence, it was published on Ontario St. near St. Clair and sold for $.01. Shortly after its birth as a daily, the World became the property of B. F.