The CLEVELAND LAKEFRONT STATE PARK, with administrative headquarters at 8701 Lake Shore Blvd. in GORDON PARK, was established in 1978 by the Ohio Dept. of Natural Resources (Div. of Parks) at the request of the City of Cleveland and functions under a lease agreement (1977) between the department and the city.
CLEVELAND LANDMARK STRUCTURES, those structures of especial historic or architectural merit, fall into two categories. There are those buildings and neighborhoods listed on the National Register of Historic Buildings, this designation being maintained at the federal level by the National Park Service. At the local level, there are Cleveland Landmark buildings and neighborhoods.
CLEVELAND LAW COLLEGE was created through the efforts of RUFUS P. RANNEY. It was granted a charter and authorized to grant degrees on 5 Jan. 1882, and classes began in the fall of 1885. All of the faculty were either on the bench or full-time lawyers, and classes were held in the old courthouse on PUBLIC SQUARE.
The CLEVELAND LAW LIBRARY, 1W Lakeside Avenue Fl 4, one of the largest membership law libraries in the United States, was founded in 1869 by WILLIAM J. BOARDMAN and leading members of the Cuyahoga bar "for the promotion of the science of the law." The library first opened on the third floor of the old Cuyahoga County Court House at 1219 Ontario St.
The CLEVELAND LEADER, one of the city's major newspapers, grew out of the merger of the True Democrat into Joseph Medill's DAILY FOREST CITY to form the Forest City Democrat in 1853. EDWIN COWLES, who joined the new venture as Medill's partner, changed the name to the Cleveland Leader on 16 Mar.
The CLEVELAND LIBERALIST was the personal organ of Dr. Samuel Underhill, a semiretired physician of advanced rationalist philosophy. Introduced on 10 Sept. 1836, the 8-page, 3-column weekly was nearly as much magazine as newspaper in format, preferring scientific expositions over political manifestoes.
The CLEVELAND LIBRARY ASSN. (CLA), chartered in 1848, was a leading intellectual organization in Cleveland during the latter half of the 19th century. The CLA was established by the Young Men's Literary Assn. and incorporated with 200 shares of stock at $.10 cents each, the yearly profit to be used for the acquisition of books.
CLEVELAND LIFE, a black community magazine, debuted in October, 1994. President and publisher James "Ricky" Crosby, an African-American, and chief executive Lou Reyes, Jr., a Hispanic, desired to create a publication that would highlight and serve middle- and upper-class blacks in the area.
The CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY was organized 6 July 1839 by 9 members of the gun squad of the CLEVELAND GRAYS. Like the Grays, the Artillery drew its membership from the area's leading families. As Ohio militia law did not recognize artillery as a military service, the unit originally received no state support. The men purchased uniforms and procured a 6-lb.
The CLEVELAND LITTLE HOOVER COMMISSION was appointed by Mayor Ralph Locher and council president Jas. Stanton in Dec. 1965 to make an in-depth study of the city's administration to improve its operation and to make a long-range study of Cleveland's financial needs. The commission took its name and objective from the Hoover Commission, created by Pres. Truman to make a similar investigation of the federal government.
The CLEVELAND LUMBERJACKS of the Intl. Hockey League returned professional hockey to the city after a hiatus of 14 years when Larry D. Gordon moved his Muskegon Michigan Lumberjacks to Cleveland in 1992.
CLEVELAND LUTHERAN SCHOOLS began at the elementary level in the 1850s when individual parishes established schools to teach the doctrines of the faith and to maintain the heritage of the German immigrant members of the parishes. Instruction until the turn of the century was in German. ZION EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH, under the direction of its pastor, Rev.
The CLEVELAND LYCEUM was an early cultural organization for young men and a forum for the exchange of literature and ideas. The lyceum was incorporated by SHERLOCK J. ANDREWS, JOHN W.
The CLEVELAND MAENNERCHOR, was formed by the consolidation of the Heights Male Chorus (Heights Maennerchor) and the Schwaebischer Saengerbund in 1967. The Heights Male Chorus was one of the most long-lived German singing societies founded in Cleveland. It was formed in 1873, a full 25 years after the first society, the FROHSINN SINGING SOCIETY.
CLEVELAND MAGAZINE made its debut in Apr. 1972, as part of a nationwide city magazine movement. It was the brainchild of Oliver Emerson, president of the Emerson Press, and Lute Harmon, a marketing researcher for the Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co. Harmon became publisher, while Emerson sought local backing and served as chairman of Cleveland Magazine, Inc.
The CLEVELAND MANX SOCIETY was organized from Mona's Relief Society and Mona's Mutual Benefit Society, which provided assistance to immigrants from the Isle of Man, Mona once being the name of the Isle of Man. Mona's Relief Society was organized by 21 Manx settlers in 1851, 25 years after the first Manxmen arrived in Cleveland, for "the mutual improvement of its members, and the charitable relief of" Manxmen in need.
| Year | Name |
|---|---|
| 1836-37 | John W. Wiley |
| 1836 | Josiah Barber, Ohio City |
| 1837, 1842 | Francis A. Burrows, Ohio City |
| 1838-39 | Norman C. |
CLEVELAND MEDAL OF HONOR RECIPIENTS. Twelve Greater Cleveland servicemen have won the Medal of Honor. The recipients were:
CLEVELAND MEDICAL COLLEGE. See CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV.
The CLEVELAND MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSN. was organized on 27 Nov. 1894, by a committee representing the CUYAHOGA COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY, the SOCIETY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, and the CLEVELAND MEDICAL SOCIETY.
The CLEVELAND MEDICAL READING CLUB, an organization of black physicians founded in November 1925, was, in 1995, one of the oldest continually meeting medical clubs in the city. It was created by African American physicians, excluded because of race from other medical organizations, to keep abreast of programs and advances in the medical field.
The CLEVELAND MEDICAL SOCIETY was organized in 1893 to advance medical science, promote the interests of the medical profession in Cleveland, and foster fraternal feeling among physicians. Incorporated in 1894, it was founded by physicians as a protest against the orientation and policies of the CUYAHOGA COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY.
The CLEVELAND MEETING OF THE RELIGIOUS SOCIETY OF FRIENDS (QUAKERS), while not the original Friends organization in Cleveland (an orthodox Quaker meeting was formed in 1871, known later as First Friends Church), began in the early 1920s.
CLEVELAND MEMORIAL SHOREWAY. See MEMORIAL SHOREWAY.
The CLEVELAND MENDELSSOHN SOCIETY was an early local musical society organized for the performance of oratorios and other sacred music. Founded in Dec. 1850, the group confined its membership to the families of early local settlers. The first officers of the society were TRUMAN P. HANDY, president; Elijah Bingham, vice-president; J. H. Stanley, secretary; and John L. Severance, treasurer.
The CLEVELAND MESSENGER was a religious weekly founded to promote the principles of Sabbatarianism. Published by the music firm of Breck & Tuttle, it first appeared in May 1836 and lasted about a year. It was edited by Harmon Kingsbury, who was joined and then superseded by Rev. Stephen J. Bradstreet in 1837.
CLEVELAND METROPARKS,is an extensive network of parks—mostly in Cuyahoga County but also in Lake, Lorain and Medina Counties—consisting of 18 reservations totaling of more than 23,000 acres.
The CLEVELAND METROPARKS ZOO is located near BROOKSIDE PARK on the southwest side of Cleveland, with offices at 3900 Brookside Park Dr. Occupying 165 acres, the zoo is home to 3,300 animals of over 500 different species, and by 1995 had an annual attendance of more than 1.2 million.
CLEVELAND METROPOLITAN HOUSING AUTHORITY. See CUYAHOGA METROPOLITAN HOUSING AUTHORITY.
The CLEVELAND MODEL AND SUPPLY CO. was known as one of the nation's oldest and most prominent wooden model airplane kit manufacturers. The company was founded ca. 1918 when Edward T. Pachasa, then in high school, began making model airplane parts in the family's basement. An increased interest in airplanes in the late 1920s led to the firm's growth. The company was incorporated in 1929.
CLEVELAND MODERN DANCE ASSN. See DANCECLEVELAND.
The CLEVELAND MONSTERS, formerly known as the Lake Erie Monsters, are a member of the American Hockey League and the top affiliate of the National Hockey League's Columbus Blue Jackets. They played the 2007-08 season, their first in Cleveland, at the QUICKEN LOANS ARENA.
The CLEVELAND MOZART SOCIETY was one of the first musical organizations in Cleveland. The society, a choral group, was established in 1837 by TRUMAN P. HANDY. Its goal, according to the 1837 Cleveland and Ohio City Directory, was the "promotion of Musical Science and the cultivation of a refined taste in its members, and in the community." It did so by promoting concerts in such venues as the Seneca St.
CLEVELAND MUNICIPAL STADIUM, constructed on reclaimed land on the city's lakefront, was completed in 1931; at that time it boasted the largest individual seating capacity (78,189) of any outdoor arena in the world. A municipal stadium was first discussed in the early 1900s as a site for high school athletic contests. City Manager WILLIAM R.
The CLEVELAND MUSEUM OF ART is acknowledged as one of the finest art museums in the U.S. Its collections, facilities, and programs have an international reputation. The museum, incorporated in 1913 and opened to the public on 6 June 1916, was made possible by HINMAN B.
The CLEVELAND MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY (inc. 1920) is the latest and most public in a long Cleveland tradition of institutions focused on natural history. Earlier organizations included the "ARK," the CLEVELAND ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, and the Kirtland Society of Natural Sciences.
The CLEVELAND MUSICAL SOCIETY was one of the earliest organizations in the city devoted to music. Its founding in 1832 coincided with the arrival of the first piano in Cleveland. The first president of the society was A. S. Sanford. Members met every Monday and Tuesday at 7 P.M. In its early years, the society essentially served as a club for those who shared a common interest in music.
The CLEVELAND NETS was organized in 1974 when Clevelander Joe Zingale paid $50,000 for a tennis franchise from the World Team Tennis League. The league, founded by tennis star Billie Jean King, her husband, Larry, and sports entrepreneur Dennis Murphy fielded 16 teams to play a schedule of 44 contests each, but teams had to offer large salaries to obtain top tournament players.
The CLEVELAND NEWS began publication in 1905, but its lineage can be traced back to 1868, when the CLEVELAND LEADER began issuing its evening edition under the banner of the Evening News. When the CLEVELAND HERALD ceased publication in 1885, the Leader, which had acquired rights to the name, amende
The CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER GUILD, LOCAL 1, antedated the formation of the American Newspaper Guild (ANG) by several months. During the Depression, a group of CLEVELAND PRESS reporters, led by Robert L. Bordner and Garland Ashcraft, met to discuss salary cuts and other adverse job conditions. On 20 Aug.
The CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER STRIKE OF 1962, the city's third, turned out to be the most consequential in the history of local journalism. It was triggered by a walkout of drivers (Teamsters Local 473) at the PLAIN DEALER on the night of 29 Nov.
CLEVELAND NICKNAMES AND SLOGANS reveal a cultural history of boosterism and varying local and national perceptions of Cleveland that was driven by economic, political, and social landscapes. The original names for Cleveland stemmed from Native American identifiers for natural landmarks and the history of Connecticut’s connection to the Northeast Ohio area.
CLEVELAND: NOW! was a joint public and private funding program for the revitalization of Cleveland which was announced by Mayor Carl B. Stokes 1 May 1968. Local businessmen, shocked by the April assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., agreed to cooperate with the city in a fundraising program to combat the ills of Cleveland's inner city in order to preserve racial peace.
CLEVELAND ON FILM. Films have been set and shot in Cleveland since the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The rise of Cleveland's status as a major American city coincided with the rise of motion pictures as a major entertainment medium in American life.
The CLEVELAND OPERA was organized in 1976 by David and Carola Bamberger and John Heavenrich as the New Cleveland Opera Co. Formed to be the city's major resident producing opera company, by 1995 Cleveland Opera was ranked 10th nationally in audience size among companies outside New York.
The CLEVELAND OPERA CO. grew out of the Studio Club, organized in 1917 under the direction of Francis Sadlier to give light operas in local theaters. Following a week's run of Victor Herbert's Serenade at the COLONIAL THEATER in 1920, the Studio Club reorganized as the Cleveland Opera Co. for the purpose of producing grand and light operas.
The CLEVELAND ORCHESTRA is one of the premier orchestras in the world, joining ensembles from Boston, New York, Philadelphia and Chicago to compose the generally acknowledged "Big Five" of American symphonic music. Debuting on 11 Dec. 1918 the Orchestra’s first concert was a benefit for St.
The 1965 CLEVELAND ORCHESTRA TOUR OF THE USSR was a major musical tour by the CLEVELAND ORCHESTRA to the
The CLEVELAND PANTHERS were a semiprofessional football team in the 1920s, and was also the name of the Cleveland team in the short-lived 1926 American Football League; it was also the original name selected for the organization that eventually became the CLEVELAND BROWNS.