The GABRIEL CO., a major supplier of shock absorbers for the original-equipment and automotive aftermarkets, was founded by CLAUD H. FOSTER in 1904 to market an automobile horn he had created and named for the Angel Gabriel. The Gabriel Horn became popular on luxury cars throughout the world.
GAEDE, ROBERT C. (6 Nov. 1920 - 16 Apr. 2008) was born in CLEVELAND HEIGHTS, and became one of the most well-known and well-respected architect and historic preservationist in the city.
GAERTNER, CARL FREDERICK (1898-4 Nov. 1952), a nationally known landscape artist whose best medium was watercolor, and son of Nellie and H. Frederick Gaertner, manager of BURROWS BROS.
The GAGE GALLERY OF FINE ARTS was a privately owned art gallery established by Geo. E. Gage in 1910. Born in Hudson, NY, Gage had worked in a variety of fields and once owned a small art store in Hudson, where he became acquainted with members of the famous Hudson River School. As a result of a meeting with Maj. Chas. J. Strong of WM. TAYLOR SON & CO.
GAHN, HARRY C. (26 Apr. 1880-2 Nov. 1962), lawyer, councilman, congressman, and public official, was born in Elmore, Ohio, to Dr. Louis and Esther Knight Gahn. He graduated from the University of Michigan with a LL.B. degree, and was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1904, working with Wm.
GAINES, ERVIN J. (8 Dec. 1916-21 June 1986), CLEVELAND PUBLIC LIBRARY director (1974-1985), was born in New York City to Ervin J. and Helen Hennessey Gaines. He graduated from Columbia University (1942) before joining the Navy. He returned to Columbia as an English instructor (1946-53), and earned his master's degree (1947) and doctorate (1952).
GAMMETER, HARRY C. (ca. 1870-11 Apr. 1937), the inventor of the modern multigraph and one of the founders the American Multigraph Co., was one of 8 children. Although little is known of his early life, as an adult he worked as a sales engineer for the United Typewriter and Supply Co. of Louisville, Kentucky.
GANNETT, ALICE (1876-23 May 1962), prominent settlement-house worker and reformer, was born in Bath, Maine to Henry and Mary Chase Gannett. Henry Gannett (1846-1914), is largely considered to be the father of topographic mapping in the United States. Gannett Peak on the Continental Divide was named in his honor. Alice attended schools in Washington, D.C., and earned a degree from Bryn Mawr College.
GANNON, JOHN A. (September 16, 1923 - May 31, 1997) was a Cleveland firefighter and union leader who, in 1985, spearheaded the creation of the John A.
GARDEN CENTER OF GREATER CLEVELAND. See CLEVELAND BOTANICAL GARDEN.
GARDNER, GEORGE W. (7 Feb. 1834-18 Dec. 1911), businessman, councilman, and mayor of Cleveland, was born in Pittsfield, Mass. to James and Griselda Porter Gardner. The family came to Cleveland in 1837.
GARFIELD HEIGHTS, originally part of the village of NEWBURGH, split off in 1907 as the village of South Newburgh and incorporated as the city of Garfield Hts. in 1930. It is located southeast of Cleveland and occupies approx. 6.75 sq.
The GARFIELD HTS. HISTORICAL SOCIETY was founded in Dec. 1967 to preserve the history of that suburb. The founder and first president was August Kleinschmidt. The society acquired its first temporary home in 1980, when a room at Maple Leaf School was utilized. Ten years later space was acquired in the Garfield Hts. Civic Center. In 1992-93 a former residence was acquired as a permanent home for the society.
The GARFIELD MONUMENT, located on a sloping hill near Mayfield Rd. in LAKE VIEW CEMETERY, was built as a tomb and memorial to Pres. JAMES A. GARFIELD. Construction of the monument began in 1885 with funds raised by the Garfield Natl. Monument Assn. headed by JEPTHA H. WADE.
GARFIELD PARK RESERVATION, between Broadway and Turney avenues in present day GARFIELD HEIGHTS, was originaly one of a number of major municipal parks established in the 1890s by Cleveland's second Board of Park Commissioners.
GARFIELD, ABRAM (21 Nov. 1872-16 Oct. 1958), son of Lucretia Rudolph and president JAS. A. GARFIELD, was born in Washington, D.C., moving to Cleveland after his father's death in 1881. He received a B.A. from Williams College (1893) and a B.S. from MIT (1896), beginning his architectural practice in 1897.
GARFIELD, JAMES ABRAM (19 Nov. 1831-19 Sept. 1881), 20th president of the U.S., was born in Orange Twp., Cuyahoga County, Ohio, to Abram and Eliza Ballou Garfield. Fatherless at age 4, Garfield worked as a farmer, carpenter, and canal boatman.
GARFIELD, JAMES RUDOLPH (17 Oct. 1865-24 Mar. 1950), lawyer and son of Lucretia Rudolph and president JAS. A GARFIELD, was born in Hiram, OH, and received his B.A. from Williams College (1885), and his LL.D. from Columbia University. Admitted to the Ohio bar in 1888, Garfield started his 60 year practice in Cleveland with his older brother, Harry.
The GARFIELD-PERRY STAMP CLUB, one of the first stamp clubs in the U.S., was formed by area collectors on 17 Mar. 1890. Its organization was initiated by Geo. J. Bailey, a stamp collector and agent for the Harkness estate, who invited area collectors to a meeting to form a local branch of the American Philatelic Assn.; they were chartered as Branch No. 7.
GARLICK, THEODATUS A. (30 Mar. 1805-9 Dec. 1884), surgeon, sculptor, photographer, and fish breeder, was born in Middlebury, Vt., to Sabra S. Kirby and Daniel Garlick. In 1818 he joined his brother Abel, producing Cleveland's first shipped goods, burr millstones. He worked as a blacksmith and tombstone carver in Cleveland, NEWBURGH, and Brookfield (Trumbull Co.) while studying medicine with local physicians.
GARLOCK, ANNA JANSEN CORDON (12 June 1878-11 Nov. 1958), masseuse and specialist in HYDROTHERAPY and physiotherapy, served as superintendent of the hydrotherapy department of WOMAN'S GENERAL HOSPITAL from 1919 until that department closed in 1924. Garlock was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, to John P.
GARMENT INDUSTRY. As early as 1860 the manufacture of ready-to-wear clothing became one of Cleveland's leading industries. The garment industry probably reached its peak during the 1920s, when Cleveland ranked close to New York as one of the country's leading centers for garment production. During the Depression and continuing after World War II, the garment industry in Cleveland declined.
The GARMENT WORKERS' STRIKE OF 1911, planned and executed by the INTERNATIONAL LADIES GARMENT WORKERS UNION, began on 6 June when 4,000 workers took to the streets to picket for improved working conditions in their factories.
GARVIN, CHARLES H. (27 Oct. 1890-17 July 1968), physician, civic leader, and businessman interested in black social and economic programs, was born in Jacksonville, Fla. and graduated from Howard University's medical school in 1915. He practiced medicine in Cleveland from 1916 until his death. During WORLD WAR I, he became the first black physician commissioned in the U.S.
GASSAWAY, HAROLD T. (5 Aug. 1893-13 Apr. 1952), black lawyer and Republican politician, was born in Anderson, S.C. to Carrie P. Walls and Mark Gassaway.
GATES MILLS (inc. 1920) is a village located in the Chagrin Valley bounded by MAYFIELD HTS.
GATES, HOLSEY (HALSEY) (1799-2 Nov. 1865) was an early settler of the WESTERN RESERVE and the namesake for the village of GATES MILLS in Mayfield Twp. Born in East Haddam, CT, to Nathaniel and Hannah Gates, the family moved to Delhi, NY in 1815 following Nathaniel's death.
GATEWAY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CORP. was organized in the spring of 1990 to oversee the financing and building of a sports complex at E. 4th St. and Bolivar Rd. in downtown Cleveland. Endorsement of the project by city leaders in 1989 and a spirited campaign in May 1990 led to voter approval of a 15-year "sin tax" on sales of cigarettes and alcoholic beverages to help finance the project.
GAY AND LESBIAN SERVICE CENTER OF GREATER CLEVELAND. See LESBIAN/GAY COMMUNITY SERVICE CENTER OF GREATER CLEVELAND.
GAY BARS IN CLEVEAND have been in existence since at least the 1940s and have served as important sites for the city’s LGBTQ community to socialize, organize, and distribute information and resources.
GAY COMMUNITY. To the extent that a community is defined by its organizations and institutions, Cleveland's gay community probably dates from the founding of a local Mattachine Society group in the 1960s.
GAY COMMUNITY IN THE 1970S. The 1970s marked an important period in the history of the Gay Community of Cleveland. This article provides details on various aspects of the community in the critical decade following Stonewall.
GAY GAMES 9 is the 9th iteration of the Gay Games, an international gathering for athletic competition hosted by and for people in the LGBTQ+ community. Launched in 1982 by Dr. Tom Waddell, the Gay Games are an international sporting event that occur every four years. The Gay Games represent a safe arena for all athletes, regardless of sexual orientation, religion, race, gender, nationality, or ability.
GAYLE, JAMES FRANKLIN (5 Feb. 1920-1 July 1991) was one of the first 2 African American photographers to work for a Cleveland daily newspaper. He was born in Tuskegee, Ala., the son of James and Bessie Gayle. His father, who taught physical education at Tuskegee Institute, moved the family to Cleveland when James was 3. After graduating from East High School, Gayle served as a musician in the U.S.
GAYLOR, VERNA FRANCES (23 Feb. 1925-18 Feb. 1993) was a pioneer and an acknowledged authority in the field of analytical chemistry and research, who held five patents and spent her 40-year career with BP Research at SOHIO.
GAYLORD, GLADYS (28 July 1888-1 Jan. 1985), social worker, promoted FAMILY PLANNING in Ohio and Puerto Rico as the first Executive Secretary (1929-48) of the Maternal Health Association (MHA, see PLANNED PARENTHOOD OF GREATER CLEVELAND), Cleveland's pioneer birth control clinic.
GEAR (THE GAY EDUCATON AWARENESS AND RESOURCES) FOUNDATION was the preeminent gay organization in Cleveland in the 1970s.
GEBHARD, BRUNO ( ca. 1899-12 Jan. 1985), a leader in public health education in Germany and the U.S., was the first Director of the Cleveland Health Museum (see HEALTH MUSEUM). Gebhard was born in Rostock, Germany, and studied medicine there, where his father was a hospital administrator.
GEHRING, ALBERT (21 Mar. 1870-25 Feb. 1926) was an author and teacher equally at home in the fields of philosophy and music. A Cleveland native, he received bachelor's and master's degrees from Harvard c. 1894 and lectured in philosophy at the College for Women (see CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV.) in 1900-02.
The GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., a major manufacturer of electrical appliances and a leader in the development of electrical lighting, has maintained important manufacturing and research-and-development facilities in Cleveland since 1901. When GE was established on 1 June 1892, it acquired Cleveland's Brush Electric Co., which had been formed in 1880 by lighting pioneer CHAS. F.
GENERAL PICTURES CORP. was formed in 1957 by George Oliva Jr. to produce films for business and industry. The studio began in the Cleveland Dramaturgy Building at 2307 Chester Ave. The studio later moved to 4501 Pleasant Valley Rd. in Cleveland.
Cleveland has gone through many economic shifts over the last two centuries which has led to razing of residential neighborhoods, reassessment of properties and initiatives to improve neighborhoods. The issue of gentrification is closely tied to these issues and while it has been a source of economic improvements, it has also led to residential anxiety.
GENTRY, MINNIE LEE WATSON (2 Dec. 1915-11 May 1993), "The First Lady" of Karamu Theater (see KARAMU HOUSE), was an original member of The Gilpin Players who appeared in numerous dramatic, musical and operatic productions.
GENUTH, DAVID L. (12 Apr. 1901-23 Feb. 1974), one of Cleveland's most influential Orthodox rabbis for 4 decades, was born in Marmoresh Sziget, Hungary, to Elka and Isaac Genuth. He received a traditional yeshiva education before coming to the U.S. in 1924 and continuing his studies at Yeshiva University in New York and Yale University Divinity School in New Haven, Conn.
GEOLOGY & NATURAL RESOURCES. Cleveland sits at the junction of 2 major land types. From the Portage Escarpment southeast and east of the city, the glaciated Allegheny Plateau rises in gradually higher ridges to the Appalachian Crest. To the west the Central Lowlands roll across the prairies of Illinois to the trans-Mississippi plains.
GEORGE B. POST AND SONS was a New York-based architectural firm that designed several notable Cleveland buildings. The company was founded by George B. Post (1837-1913); his sons, J. Otis and William Stone, were taken into the firm in 1904. Post is credited with developing the modern hotel design, as well as being a noted architect of urban business and commercial structures, primarily in New York City.
The GEORGE GUND FOUNDATION was founded in Cleveland in 1952 by GEORGE GUND, president of Cleveland Trust (later AMERITRUST). Gund's personal estate was valued at $600 million, the largest in Cleveland's history.
The GEORGE HOWE MANSION, located 2258 EUCLID AVE., was built from 1892 to 1894 for businessman George William Howe and his wife Catherine Leman. The couple purchased the property of T. J.